Saxtons River Historic District

DESCRIPTION:

Situated along the river of the same name, the Saxtons River Village Historic District coincides with the nineteenth- and early twentieth-century extent of Saxtons River village. The village center lies on the north side of the river with a roughly parallel Main Street intersected by eight side streets. Some 155 principal buildings, structures, and sites exist in the historic district, of which 22 are noncontributing to its historic character. The architectural styles present range from the Federal through the Greek Revival, Italianate Revival, and Queen Anne to the Colonial Revival, although only a handful of buildings exhibit high-style characteristics. The village consists overwhelmingly of wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed residential buildings of domestic scale interspersed with a few commercial, industrial, religious, and other buildings of similar scale and appearance. The historic district retains a comparatively high degree of historic integrity, having only a small number of modern intrusions.

The Saxtons Rlver Village Historic District encompasses virtually the entire village apart from peripheral middle twentieth-century subdivisions. Focused on the so-called Middle Falls near the business center, the village flanks Saxtons River for a distance of about one mile. The river descends some 60 feet along this reach while flowing in an easterly direction. A forested ridge ascends about 1000 feet above the village to the south-southeast and lower hills rise to the north and west.

The village center occupies a relatively flat area along the north side of the river's curving course. About one-quarter mile north of the river, an abrupt embankment leads to a higher terrace that is both physically and visually distinct. A private secondary school by the name of Vermont Academy occupies this terrace with a complex of several predominantly twentieth-century buildings; this complex is excluded from the historic district. South of the river, the Westminster Street residential area lies on a similar terrace. A second private educational institution, New England Kurn Hattin Homes, has been developed here mostly during the present century, and is also excluded from the historic district.

The principal axis, Main Street and its Upper Main Street continuation, extends about three-quarters of a mile within the historic district following a generally east-west alignment. Five perpendicular streets intersect the north side of Main Street - Oak and Pleasant Streets, Academy Avenue, and School and Grove Streets, respectively from east to west. Along the opposite side, the principal Westminster Street leads southward across the river while River and Maple Streets form roughly semicircular loops that approach the river. The village lacks a public green although a small circular island of lawn survives within the enlarged intersection of Main and Westminster Streets. The streets are partly shaded by a dwindling number of scattered deciduous trees, mostly maples and elms remnant of the arbored streetscapes that reached their most luxuriant early this century.

A modest business core occurs along Main Street between Westminster Street and Academy Avenue. Even here, however, houses are interspersed among the commercial buildings. The streets north of Main Street serve almost exclusively residential areas. To the south, River and Maple Streets were formerly the locations of water powered industrial development along the river but those activities and most of their buildings have disappeared. One small industry, a sawmill (#154), survives on its riverside site next to Westminster Street while the remainder of that street traverses a residential area.

The detached buildings occupy individual lots that generally provide both limited front and somewhat larger side yards. The facade lines are somewhat irregular; only along two short stretches of Main Street are there uniform ranks among the small number of commercial buildings. The residential buildings are sited with variation of set back that ranges from informally landscaped front grounds of moderate depth to the nearly curbside pattern of River Street.

There exists within the boundary of the historic district a total of 155 principal buildings, structures, and sites. Among these, 22 are considered noncontributing to the character of the historic district. Additionally, a substantial number of outbuildings--principally sheds and carriage barns--complement the principal entities. Two sets of foundations represent extinct mills along the river; one (#120), of the former woolen mill on Maple Street, has been adapted to a public recreation area.

Residential buildings of one-and-one-half or two-and-one-half stories constitute the overwhelming majority within the historic district. Single family houses account for most of this type although a significant minority exists of historic tenements and originally single-family houses more recently adapted to apartments. Many houses possess sheds and carriage barns, often in connected series, that formerly sheltered both horses and domestic livestock. The small group of about a dozen commercial buildings exceeds a smaller number of industrial buildings, and they share only slightly larger scale than the residential buildings around them. Individual examples of religious, educational, and other public buildings are interspersed. Certain originally industrial or commercial buildings have been adapted to different, usually residential usage.

A limited variety of architectural styles is represented in the historic district, The Greek Revival and Colonial Revival styles appear with the greatest frequency albeit usually in vernacular expressions. A significant subset of five Greek Revival houses (#56, 67, 84, 92, and 100) exhibit a temple front with tetrastyle portico, carried in two conspicuous cases (#56 and 100) to the height of a two-story portico (but lacking a colossal order). High-style representatives also exist of the Italianate Revival (#52 and 122) and Queen Anne (#9) although there are fewer vernacular examples of such. The latter style, however, is appended to numerous older buildings in the form of porches and other decorative features. The Federal Style is expressed mostly by the sparse brick residential architecture (specifically #11, 36, 82, and 115) of the village.

Only a scattered few buildings in the historic district are not wood framed and now or formerly sheathed with clapboards. Synthetic siding materials have been applied in an increasing number of cases, the contemporary metal and vinyl versions having outstripped in frequency the earlier asbestos shingles. An unusually small proportion of the village's historic building stock is constructed of brick, there being only seven examples among the total. Slate is the dominant historic material used as roof sheathing while stamped metal appears to a limited extent.

The high proportion of classically-derived designs has yielded a predominantly monochromatic (white) color treatment among the village's buildings. The same treatment has been frequently applied to examples of the decorated styles. The Italianate Revival buildings - notably the imposing John Alexander House (#122) on Maple Street - display the most polychromatic paint schemes while the Queen Anne representatives largely lack that appropriate multi-color array.

Generally the buildings in the historic district are being maintained in adequate or better condition. In some cases, however, the application of synthetic siding has concealed (if not removed) important stylistic elements along with the original sheathing. The abrupt rise in energy costs during the past decade has caused the installation of numerous alternative heating systems, and several cases exist of modern exterior chimneys added to the public facades of buildings. The increasing traffic especially on Main Street (Vermont Route 121) makes porches less attractive for their intended purpose, and that has undoubtedly influenced the removal of same from several houses.

A group of eight buildings in the historic district wears the uniform coat of white relieved only by black shutters. These buildings (#48, 91, 103-105, 119, 124, and 124A) were rehabilitated in 1981-82 under the so-called Section 8 program sponsored by the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Prior to the project, the buildings were generally declining in condition and appearance. The rehabilitation succeeded in restoring them to good physical condition but at the cost of altering their historic fabric to varying degrees.

Two other highly visible projects have involved major historic buildings at the center of the village. In 1974, the largest commercial building, the Saxtons River Inn (#37), was rehabilitated from deteriorating condition and reopened in its original use. A decade later, the village's only brick commercial block, the Italianate Revival storefront (#51) across Academy Avenue from the inn, received a sympathetic rehabilitation and was reopened as a market. These efforts are symbolic of pervasive improvements in the condition and appearance of village buildings during recent years.

Descriptions follow of the buildings and structures in the historic district; numbers refer to the accompanying sketch map.

1. Congregational Church (Main Street); 1836, 1871.
Forming the western visual terminus of Main Street, the Congregational Church stands at the intersection of that street, its Upper Main Street extension, and Westminster Street. The present appearance of the building reflects several latter nineteenth-century alterations. The church was constructed in 1836 as a one-story building. In 1871, the building was raised several feet and the ground-level vestry was added. The present tower was erected at the same time, and a bell was hung in the early 1890s. The stained glass windows and the pipe organ were installed in 1900 during a project of extensive repairs and refurnishing.

The wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed original block retains its Greek Revival temple form and related stylistic features. The original corner boards ascend from molded bases atop the wider corner boards of the added first story to capitals supporting the molded cornice. The roof is shingled with slate of mixed reddish and gray colors. An interior end chimney with corbeled cap surmounts the west gable. The granite foundation has been partly rebuilt with concrete blocks.

The three-bay main (east) gable facade is arranged symmetrically around the central entrance consisting of double-leaf doors, each of four molded panels, with an architrave surround and denticulated entablature. The flanking bays are occupied by fifteen-over-fifteen sash with textured monochromatic stained glass, architrave surrounds, and molded lintels. The second-story windows contain polychromatic stained glass within identical surrounds. The smaller side-bay windows flank a three-part window in the central bay with elongated middle panel. (These second-story windows replaced the original twin entrances.) The fully pedimented gable contrasts with the lower wall surface by its sheathing of horizontal flush boards. A triangular louver is centered on the tympanum.

Recessed somewhat from the gable end, the tower straddles the ridge with a square base stage below the slightly reduced belfry marked by a rectangular louver on each face. Above the belfry's projecting cornice, the octagonal transition is also delimited by a projecting cornice. The octagonal spire tapers upward to a copper cap and ball bearing a weathervane (now lacking its arrows). The entire tower was sheathed with synthetic siding in 1977.

The north and south eaves elevations share regular three-bay arrangements of principal openings. The clear-glass, fifteen-over-fifteen sash on the first story have plain surrounds and molded lintels. The taller second-story windows consist of coupled polychromatic stained-glass panels surmounted by Gothic Revival pointed-arch louvers with narrow plain surrounds. On the south elevation, a secondary entrance with a sixteen-light-over-four-panel door occupies the left-end bay.

The Congregational and Baptist parishes in Saxtons River were federated in 1936. Subsequently, religious usage of this building declined to its present status of being inactive. The Saxtons River Historical Society has adapted the vestry to a museum of local history.

2. Saxtons River Village Building (Upper Main Street); c. 1860, c. 1970.
Standing immediately west of the Congregational Church and closely parallel to the street, this vernacular wood-framed and mostly clapboarded building with an asphalt-shingled gable roof (and exposed rafter tails) has been altered repeatedly to accommodate a succession of uses. The one-and-one half story east block now contains the village's public library. An off-center entrance with gable canopy marks the three-bay main (north) eaves facade, flanked by two-over-one windows with molded lintels. A gabled dormer on the north slope has coupled small one-over-one sash. The former central entrance on the three-bay east gable elevation has been infilled with clapboards. The south elevation contrasts by its brick-patterned, stamped-metal sheathing.

The two-story west block serves as the village fire station below the second-story meeting hall. Its four-bay north eaves facade includes a left entrance with gabled canopy and interior bays of coupled four-over-four sash. The west gable elevation has an overhead garage door and, on the second story, an off-center entrance with shed canopy reached by an exterior wood stair. Added circa 1970 to the south elevation, a one-story, concrete- block, shed roofed wing has a tall overhead garage door on its west front.

From 1866 until the 1890s, Abner Cunningham used part of this building for his blacksmith shop. In 1900, the Bellows Falls and Saxtons River Street Railway Co. purchased the building for conversion to the village trolley station. After the demise of the trolley line in 1924, the Congregational Church used the building for meeting rooms, and the village's public library was opened about 1935 in the former waiting room. The Incorporated Village of Saxtons River acquired the property in 1948, and the west half of the building was raised to provide a first-story fire station.

3. Henry Davis House (Upper Main Street); c. 1865.
Somewhat altered from its original appearance, this vernacular Italianate Revival, two-and-one half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan carries a slate-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street. Paneled corner pilasters with molded capitals support a simplified eaves entablature with attenuated modillions. The window openings are fitted mostly with six-over-six sash below molded lintels. A shortened center chimney surmounts the ridge.

The two-bay main (north) gable facade has been altered on the first story by the installation of a central picture window, replacing the original two bays of room-height, six-over-nine sash. A hip-roofed (with corrugated metal) porch with box posts (replacing the original bracketed slotted posts) spans the main facade in two bays and continues one bay along the east eaves elevation to serve the main entrance. The gable of the north facade has a small window (now blinded) with canted upper corners and paneled surround. Some of the full-size windows on the three-bay west elevation have been infilled with clapboards.

A recessed one-and-one-half story east ell has also been partly altered on its four-bay north eaves front by the installation of two small hinged windows (replacing six-over-six sash) on the right below a gabled dormer. Attached to the ell's east gable elevation, a reduced two-bay, gable-roofed shed wing is marked by a right entrance next to a twelve-over-twelve window. The shed connects to a small board-and-battened, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) barn oriented as an ell. Double-leaf, vertically boarded doors enter its north gable front with loft door above. Attached in turn to the barn's east eaves elevation is a one-story, shed-roofed wing.

The house is associated with Henry Davis, its owner from the 1880s until circa 1920.

4. Nathaniel Niles House (Upper Main Street); c. 1910.
This one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded cottage rests on a brick foundation, its asphalt-shingled (hexagonal) gable roof oriented parallel to the street and carrying a high interior chimney with tapered cap. Corner boards with simple capitals support a frieze band and molded cornice at the eaves. The window openings contain two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (north) eaves facade includes a central entrance sheltered by a Colonial Revival, one-bay, gable-roofed entrance porch. Its Tuscan columns rise from a concrete deck to support the simplified eaves entablature; the gable is sheathed with octagonal wood shingles. The two-bay west gable elevation is bisected by an added exterior brick fireplace chimney.

A one-story, gable-roofed east wing extends two bays on its north eaves front. A two-bay porch with square posts and two-tier railing shelters the right entrance. The east wing links to a one-and-one-half story (plus exposed basement story on the east and south), clapboarded carriage barn with an asphalt-papered gable roof oriented as an ell. The one-bay north gable front has a vehicle entrance on the right below a loft door. A single twelve-over twelve sash lights the east eaves elevation.

The house is associated with Nathaniel Niles, who has owned it since the 1950s.

5. Lawrence Moore House (Upper Main Street); c. 1905.
Decorated in a vernacular Queen Anne manner, the Moore House and its next two neighbors to the west, the Clayton (#6) and Moyer Houses (#7) originally shared nearly identical appearance. The one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and mostly clapboarded main block rests on a brick foundation, its asphalt shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street and surmounted by a high interior chimney. A molded cornice follows the eaves. The window openings are fitted mostly with two-over-two sash.

The two-bay main (north) gable facade displays most of the house's ornamental features. The right sidehall entrance is sheltered by a one-bay porch with turned posts and balustrade, lattice skirt, and flat roof with molded cornice. The latter continues to the left, crowning the adjacent rectangular bay window with coupled slender one-over-one sash in the central panel and clapboarded spandrels. Above the second-story window lintels, the gable is sheathed with alternating courses of fishscale and rectangular wood shingles; scroll-sawn stickwork screens the gable peak. The two-bay west eaves elevation includes a square stairwell window with stained-glass border.

A recessed east ell of reduced scale extends three bays along its north eaves front with left entrance. A veranda with components like those of the main entrance porch extends four bays along the north front and continues two bays across the one-bay east gable elevation.

The house is associated with Lawrence Moore, its owner during the period 1946-1954.

5A. Barn; c. 1905: Standing atop the steep bank east of the house is a small one-and-one-half story (plus exposed basement on the south), wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed barn. The two-bay north gable front has a carriage entrance on the right whose double-leaf paneled doors are vertically boarded and diagonally braced; a loft door opens directly above. A stickwork screen identical to that on the house decorates the gable.

6. Olin Clayton House (Upper Main Street); c. 1905.
Also decorated in a vernacular Queen Anne manner, this house originally shared nearly identical appearance with the adjacent Moore (#5) and Moyer (#7) Houses on the east and west. The main block continues to match that of the Moore House except for certain details. The north entrance porch lacks a balustrade but its turned posts carry scroll-sawn brackets.

The east ell of this house differs by having a shed-roofed porch that shelters only three bays (including the off-center entrance) of its four-bay north eaves front. The porch comprises square posts, screened openings, clapboarded apron, and lattice skirt.

The house is associated with Olin Clayton, who owned it during the 1920s and 1930s.

6A. Garage; c. 1930: Sited east of the house is a one-story, wood-framed and novelty-sided, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) garage. The two bay north gable front has an open stall on the right and double-leaf, vertically boarded doors on the left.

6B. Shed; c. 1940: 1 story; wood-framed; clapboarded; shallow gable roof; pass door on east eaves elevation. Noncontributing owing to age.

7. Laaden Moyer House (Upper Main Street); c. 1905.
The application of asbestos shingles over the original clapboard sheathing has altered markedly the appearance of this house, which originally was nearly identical to the adjacent Moore (#5) and Clayton (#6) Houses. The Moyer House retains some Queen Anne decorative features, including the one-bay entrance porch on the main (north) facade albeit without the original balustrade. The scroll-sawn stickwork screen remains on the gable peak although the wood-shingled gable surface is now concealed.

The east ell possesses on its north eaves front a three-bay, shed-roofed porch whose form and length matches that on the Clayton House. This porch retains turned posts although its apron has received asbestos-shingle sheathing. The east gable elevation includes an exposed basement with right entrance.

The house is associated with Laaden Moyer, who has owned it since 1956.

7A. Garage; c. 1930: Retaining its original appearance, this one-story, wood-framed and novelty sided, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) garage stands east of the house. On the north gable front, two vertically boarded sliding doors (one interior and one exterior) provide access to the vehicle stalls.

8. "Maple Grove," Smith-Bancroft-Neill House (Upper Main Street); c. 1830 and later.
The rather complex architectural nature of this house reflects its evolution through numerous alterations and enlargements especially during the latter nineteenth century. The property has remained in the related Smith, Bancroft, and Neill families since circa 1835. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the house was used primarily as a summer residence. Certain features such as the three porches and the screenhouse relate specifically to that seasonal occupancy.

Exhibiting both Greek Revival and Queen Anne stylistic elements, the wood-framed and clapboarded house generally rises two-and-one-half stories from a brick foundation to an asphalt-shingled gable roof. Numerous projections emerge from the east and west elevations, interrupting both the wall planes and the roof slopes. The irregular fenestration consists mostly of two-over-two sash. A frieze band and molded cornice follow most of the eaves. A large interior paneled chimney with heavy denticulated corbeled cap rises from the central ridge while a simpler version is recessed from the south gable peak.

The main (east) facade comprises a three-bay, gable-front section at the left end, a central three-story tower, and a five-bay, eaves-front section to the right. The gabled section possesses a recessed two-bay porch with capitaled square pillars that shelters a right entrance with four panel door flanked by full-length, four-pane sidelights and, on the left, a room-height, six-light window. The three-story rectangular tower is illuminated by coupled two-over-two sash in the central panel and a slender one-over-one in each side panel; the spandrels are finished with molded panels. A projecting molded cornice crowns each story, that above the first being surmounted by a flared skirt of fishscale wood shingles. The recessed third story is shingled on its north and south faces. The tower culminates in a metal-sheathed pyramidal cap with needle finial. The five-bay right section of the facade has a central entrance with modern projecting one-bay vestibule. A fishscale-shingled shed dormer with three-light horizontal window emerges from the roof's east slope.

The four-bay south elevation of the house shows the horizontal eaves of the original two-story head block surmounted by the higher recessed gable of the enlarged building. The fishscale-shingled gable has triangular molded panels near its lower corners that flank a broad vertically boarded blind panel.

The west elevation displays a three-section arrangement corresponding to the east facade. The three-bay gabled right section has a recessed porch like its east counterpart except that this porch has been extended and screened beneath a shed roof supported by heavy triangular chamfered outriggers. Aligning with the east tower is a second-story rectangular oriel with coupled sash and paneled spandrels. Above the oriel, a hipped dormer with coupled sash and fishscale-shingle sheathing emerges from the roof. An identical dormer occurs over the left eaves section of this elevation.

Attached to the main block's north gable elevation, a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded wing carries an expansive gable roof sheathed with stamped metal in a crow's-foot pattern. The same material is applied to a one-bay gabled wall dormer on the five-bay east eaves elevation. An entrance below the east gable has a paneled door with two vertical etched lights. On the west elevation, a broad porch with only one chamfered corner post and slatted skirt is recessed beneath the roof. A shed dormer emerges from the west slope below an interior chimney with corbeled cap.

Benjamin Smith, Jr. acquired the property in 1835, although the nature of the house at that time is not known. Formerly a harness maker, Smith then engaged in the successful development of a soapstone quarry and mill in nearby Grafton township. The name "Maple Grove" was being used for the house by 1869. James K. Bancroft received the property through marriage to Fannie H. Smith, daughter of Benjamin. A prosperous merchant in Buffalo, New York, Bancroft made many of the alterations to what became his summer residence. In 1932, Carrie Bancroft Neill inherited the house from her mother, (Mrs.) Fannie H. S. Bancroft, and the house remains in Neill family ownership.

8A. Carriage Barn; c. 1880: The principal outbuilding on the premises, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded barn with an asphalt-shingled gable roof stands northwest of the house. Its four-bay east eaves front contains a central carriage entrance whose vertically boarded interior sliding door incorporates coupled six-light windows and is surmounted by an eight-light transom. The other windows contain six-over six sash. A central square ventilating cupola straddles the ridge with a vertical rectangular louver on each face. Its flat roof carries a high turned finial with a copper weathervane in the figure of a horse.

Attached to the barn's northeast corner, a probably earlier, clapboarded, gable-roofed barn of similar scale has closely cropped eaves. On its south gable front, triplet six-light windows flank a central pass door.

8B. Shed; c. 1850: Standing directly north of the house is this one-and one half story, post-and-beam, clapboarded carriage shed with an asphalt shingled gable roof. The three-bay north eaves front includes on the left a broad carriage opening with semielliptical-arched head and a modern shed roofed canopy.

8C. Shed; c. 1880: Sited southwest of the carriage barn (#8A) is a small one-story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) shed. A pass door enters its east gable front.

8D. Garage; c. 1920: Sited west of the carriage barn (#8A), this one-story, post-and-beam, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) garage was rebuilt from an earlier shed. A three-section, vertically boarded, paneled sliding door enters its south gable front.

8E. Screenhouse; c. 1880: Placed on the house's east grounds, this small rectangular, one-story, wood-framed, gable-roofed building of gazebo type is sheathed with beaded matched boards below the continuous screened openings.

9. Starks Edson House (Upper Main Street and Burk Hill Road); 1887.
The most elaborate representative of Queen Anne style in Saxtons River village stands prominently on a knoll above Upper Main Street. The two-and one-half story, wood-framed, hip-roofed house of rectangular plan is clapboarded on the first story to the level of the window lintels. A slightly flared skirt encircles the main block at that level, and the upper wall surfaces are sheathed with octagonal wood shingles. The regular fenestration consists of one-over-one sash. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the asphalt-shingled hip roof, from which several projections emerge. A central raised deck atop the roof is enclosed by a metal perimeter cresting with corner pinnacles. A high interior chimney with plain shaft flanks both the east and west sides of the deck.

The symmetrical five-bay main (south) facade is distinguished by a central projecting pavilion. Its rectangular clapboarded first story contains the main entrance, whose double-leaf paneled doors have slender rectangular lights. The pavilion's octagonal-shingled second story has a three-sided plan with curved corners that forms a bay window. A reduced sash in the central panel is sheltered by a shingled hood. On the third story level is a rectangular window with stained-glass border. The latter window interrupts the eaves of the pavilion's pyramidal roof, whose ridge exceeds the height of the main roof.

An expansive veranda extends the breadth of the facade in seven bays and continues three bays along both the east and west elevations. The veranda comprises turned posts and balustrade (the latter being omitted from alternating bays), lattice skirt, and hip roof with exposed rafters (but not tails). Fronting the pavilion, a three-bay section of the veranda projects outward one bay to shelter the recessed steps; its roof rises into a central gable with an octagonal-shingled pediment.

The main block's east elevation extends four bays in length, the left half of its first story being sheltered by the veranda. Above the right half, a one-bay cross gable emerges from the roof, its wall surface being octagonal-shingled around a one-over-one sash. To the left is a small shed dormer with a horizontal window.

The west elevation appears similar except for a triangular gable with lattice screen on the right of the cross gable. Also, a secondary entrance sheltered by a gabled canopy with chamfered stickwork occupies the left-end bay of the main block. The wall plane continues, however, on the two-bay north wing whose scale and roof type match the main block although its clapboarded second story does not. A one-by-one bay porch with components like the veranda occupies the interior corner between the main block's rear (northeast) elevation and the wing. Projecting one bay from the wing's west elevation is a one-story, clapboarded, hip-roofed ell.

The house was constructed in 1887 for Starks Edson, who operated a paint factory between 1900 and 1915 in the former tin shop (#94) on Main Street. After Edson's death in 1924, his widow, Carrie Daniels Edson, continued to live in the house until 1942.

9A. Carriage Barn; 1887: Set back to the northeast of the house, the similarly decorated, one-and-one-half story, two-by-three bay carriage barn rests on a brick foundation. The walls are clapboarded below the window lintels and octagonal-shingled from a slightly flared skirt to the molded eaves cornice. The wood shingled hip roof differs from that of the house by having north and south low gable peaks connected by a short ridge. Two gabled dormers with twelve-light windows emerge from the south slope. An interior chimney with corbeled cap rises from the east slope. The first-story window openings are fitted with three-over-one sash.

The two-bay main (west) facade is entered by off-center, double-leaf interior sliding doors with diagonally boarded, chamfered panels. On the right, a gabled wall dormer is occupied by a matching single-leaf loft door. Appended to the north elevation, a gable-roofed entrance vestibule has double leaf, vertically boarded doors.

10. Glynn-Morrison House (Upper Main Street and Burk Hill Road); c. 1880.
This vernacular two-and-one-half story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan with a brick foundation has been somewhat altered by the application of synthetic siding and the addition of an exterior brick fireplace chimney on the west facade. A molded cornice remains visible along the eaves of the diamond asphalt-shingled gable roof. The window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash.

Facing Burk Hill Road, the three-bay main (west) gable facade includes a left sidehall entrance. Both the west facade and the four-bay south (Upper Main Street) eaves facade with right entrance are dominated by an added multi-bay veranda with two projecting pavilions that incorporates capitaled chamfered posts, dimension balustrade, and standing-seam metal sheathed shed roof with molded cornice. A one-by-one bay pavilion projects diagonally from the veranda's southwest corner. Both it and a perpendicular entrance pavilion on the south reach of the veranda carry shallow pedimented gables.

Attached to the east gable elevation on a half south offset, a one-and one-half story, two-by-two bay, gable-roofed wing has a veranda entrance on its west half-gable front. An overhead garage door has been installed on the north eaves elevation. A one-story, shed-roofed addition with a large six light window marks the east gable elevation.

The house was constructed circa 1880 for Cyrus L. Glynn, a local merchant. The east wing might have been adapted from a schoolhouse that was built on the site about 1849 and then abandoned about 1866. The house remained in Glynn family ownership until 1943, when Kenneth Morrison (the present owner) purchased it.

11. Wilbur J. Rugg House (Upper Main Street); c. 1835.
The smallest of three Federal style, gable-front, brick houses along Main Street, the one-and-one-half story Rugg House consists of a three-by-three bay, brick (six-course American bond) main block of rectangular plan plus a four-bay, wood-framed and clapboarded rear (north) block of the same scale. A molded cornice follows both the horizontal and raking eaves of the continuous gable roof, now sheathed with standing-seam metal. Two large shed dormers with coupled six-over-six sash have been added to the east slope.

The three-bay main (south) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance with louvered outer door surmounted by a semicircular fanlight with radiating muntins. The window openings are headed by splayed flat-arch lintels and contain two-over-two sash. Like the dormers, the rear block has six-over-six sash. A Queen Anne, one-by-one bay, shed-roofed porch with turned posts and balustrade, scrolled brackets, and lattice skirt shelters a rear entrance on the east eaves elevation.

A one-story, clapboarded, gable-roofed north shed wing has been extended into a one-bay garage on its east elevation. This wing links to a clapboarded carriage barn with a slate-shingled gable roof attached as an east ell. The three-bay south eaves front of the barn is distinguished by double exterior diagonally boarded sliding doors in central position and a pass door on the right. The barn's irregular fenestration consists of multi-light fixed windows. Prior to circa 1915, an elongated one-story shed extended from the barn's east gable elevation to the west eaves elevation of the carriage barn attached to the adjacent Wiley House (#12).

The house is associated with Wilbur J. Rugg, its owner from circa 1920 until the 1960s.

12. Milton Wiley House (Upper Main Street); c. 1850.
Oriented perpendicular to the street, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, three-by-two bay, wood-framed house has been sheathed with synthetic siding and its gable roof is covered with standing-seam metal. A gabled dormer emerges from both the east and west slopes. Added circa 1920, a four by-two bay, shed-roofed, screened porch with square posts and dimension balustrade projects from the three-bay main (south) gable facade with off center entrance. The window openings contain six-over-six sash.

A one-story, gable-roofed rear (north) wing extends three bays along its east eaves elevation, marked by a double-leaf, off-center entrance beneath a gabled canopy. The wing links to a one-and-one-half story, horizontally boarded, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) carriage barn attached on an eastward offset. Its mostly exposed, clapboarded south gable front is entered by double-leaf, vertically boarded doors. A one-story, shed-roofed wing is attached to the barn's north elevation.

The house is associated with Milton Wiley, who owned it between the 1880s and 1910s.

13. Dr. Daniel Campbell House (Upper Main Street); c. 1845.
A visually striking example of continuous architecture, this vernacular Greek Revival house consists of a gable-front, one-and-one-half story, wood framed and clapboarded main block of rectangular plan and a series of three similarly scaled and sheathed wings attached at their gable elevations on partial offsets. Molded cornices follow the eaves of the slate-shingled gable roofs. On the main block, a two-bay cross gable interrupts the east slope while the west slope carries a small gabled dormer.

The three-bay main (south) gable facade possesses a left sidehall entrance with four-pane sidelights of three-quarters length within a narrow paneled surround. The window bays are fitted with the two-over-two sash common to the main block. A shed-roofed porch with paneled posts and lattice skirt spans the facade in three bays, the left having a projecting pedimented gable over the entrance steps. The porch continues two bays along the east eaves elevation to meet a three-bay clapboarded projection with matching roof line (both added circa 1920).

The first north residential wing is offset one bay westward, that being occupied by a six-over-six sash. Its four-bay west eaves front includes two over-two sash and an off-center entrance sheltered by an unfinished one-bay gabled entrance porch that replaced an earlier full-length porch. The mixed color slate roof carries a high interior chimney.

The second north residential wing is offset two bays westward, the right bay being an entrance. The three bays of the west eaves elevation are fitted with six-over-six sash. This wing served as Dr. Campbell's office.

The third north wing, a clapboarded but unpainted carriage barn of somewhat larger scale, is offset westward three-quarters of its south gable front. An exterior vertically boarded sliding door enters the left side of the south front. Paired twelve-light windows occupy the gable peak.

The house is associated with Dr. Daniel Campbell, a prominent local physician who lived here from circa 1852 until his death in 1898.

14. Florence Simonds House (Upper Main Street); c. 1855.
Although of diminutive scale, this vernacular Italianate Revival, one and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed house of rectangular plan resting on a brick foundation displays a variety of decorative features. Capitaled corner boards support a frieze band below the molded cornice, itself supported by pairs of scroll brackets. The gable roof is shingled with polychromatic slate; on a background of red rectangular slate, a middle band of red diamond slate is highlighted by dark gray diamonds with light eyes. A central chimney with corbeled cap rises from the ridge.

The one-bay south (street) gable facade is dominated by a full-size, three-sided bay window added circa 1900. This feature incorporates a two over-two sash (like those elsewhere on the house) in the central panel and slender one-over-ones on the sides, paneled spandrels, and a projecting cornice with paired brackets. The two-bay main (west) eaves facade has a right entrance with four-paneled door sheltered by a two-bay, flat-roofed porch with capitaled chamfered posts and eaves treatment like that of the main roof. To the left of the porch, a one-bay clapboarded projection maintains the same roof line.

A one-story, clapboarded, shed-roofed north wing projects one bay (an entrance) outward from the wall plane of the porch. The wing carries a gabled central section raised to accommodate a small second story.

The house is associated with Florence Simonds, who lived here from the 1930s until circa 1975.

15. Charles Williams House (Grove Street~; c. 1850.
Oriented parallel to the street, this vernacular two-and-one-half story, four-by-two bay, wood-framed house has been sheathed with synthetic siding although its gable roof retains slate shingles. The four-bay main (east) eaves facade includes an off-center entrance and first-story end bays with coupled sash of the two-over-two division common to the house. Rebuilt in 1986, a four-bay, shed-roofed porch spans the facade, comprising paneled square posts, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt.

A one-story, shed-roofed wing is appended to the rear (west) elevation. A right entrance marks its two-bay south front.

The building was originally constructed to serve as a wool storehouse. Around 1900, it was converted into a duplex residence with a one-story shed ell projecting from the rear of each (north and south) half. Later it was adapted to a single residence, owned by Charles Williams since the 1950s.

16. Edward Osgood House (Grove Street); c. 1860.
This vernacular duplex house consists of two matching gable-front, one and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed main blocks on brick foundations linked by a recessed two-story, gable-roofed ell. The roofs are sheathed variously with sheet metal and asphalt shingles. The window openings contain two-over-two sash. Little ornament exists other than simple capitals on the corner boards.

The three-bay main (east) gable facades present mirror images of each other. On the north block, the sidehall entrance occupies the left bay while on the south block it is on the right; both paneled doors have elongated round-headed upper lights of hammered glass. The four-bay east eaves front of the connecting ell includes two off-center entrances sheltered by a full length, three-bay porch with chamfered posts and lattice skirt added circa 1920. The ell's second story was added circa 1930. A contemporary enclosed shed-roofed porch with multiple windows and novelty siding conceals the south block's south eaves elevation.

The house is associated with both Edward and Carlton Osgood, its owners during the period circa 1920-1985.

16A. Garage; c. 1920: Standing west of the house's south block is a one and-one-half story, wood-framed and wood-shingled, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) garage. Double-leaf, vertically boarded doors enter its one-bay north gable front while three bays of six-over-six sash light its east eaves elevation.

17. Campbell-Simonds House (West Street); c. 1840, moved 1874.
Although facing the street, the three-bay, asphalt-shingled north gable elevation of this vernacular Greek Revival, two-and-one-half story, wood framed house on a brick foundation lacks an entrance. That occurs instead near the center of the four-bay, clapboarded east eaves facade flanked by half-length, four-pane sidelights. The window bays are fitted with two-over-two sash. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the gable roof, now sheathed with corrugated metal and carrying two short interior chimneys at the ridge. Added circa 1895, a three-bay, shed-roofed porch with slotted posts spans the east facade; the porch originally possessed a second story and dimension balustrades.

The porch continues two bays along the three-bay, clapboarded north eaves front (with central entrance) of a former carriage barn, attached to the southeast corner of the main block and converted circa 1890 to residential use. A shed wall dormer interrupts the north slope of its gable roof. The three-bay east gable elevation is sheathed with asphalt shingles, as is a one story, one-bay, shed-roofed south wing.

The house was moved in 1874 to this site from the nearby hamlet of Westminster West for Mary Campbell Lake, sister of Dr. Daniel Campbell. Subsequently her grandson, Philip Simonds, and his wife, Mary, owned the house until 1982.

18. Lew Thompson House (Grove Street); 1906.
Sharing the hip-roofed cubiform appearance of two contemporary houses, #79 and 81, on Pleasant Street, this vernacular two-story, wood-framed and clapboarded house rests on a brick foundation. Capitaled corner boards support a frieze band below the molded cornice encircling the eaves of the slate-shingled roof. A lengthy slated shed dormer with projecting cornice and front louver nearly bisects the roof's east slope while a rectangular chimney rises near the short ridge. The window openings are trimmed with molded lintels above the one-over-one sash.

The three-bay main (east) facade has been altered (circa 1965) by the installation of a bay window on the right in place of two one-over-one sash and the addition of half-length sidelights and classical details to the left bay entrance. At the same time, the original four-bay porch was removed; it comprised paneled and capitaled square posts, clapboarded apron, and a hip roof with shallow pediment above the steps.

The three-bay south elevation possesses at the right end an original small three-sided bay window with reduced one-over-one sash and projecting cornice. At the left end, a one-bay, hip-roofed porch with components like the original front porch shelters an east-facing secondary entrance on the one-story, hip-roofed (with slate) west wing that projects one bay beyond the south wall plane.

The house was constructed in 1906 for Lew G. Thompson, partner in the Thompson and Thompson firm that operated the sawmill (#154) and gristmill (#155) on Westminster Street. Since the original owner's death in 1948, his son, Walter, has retained ownership of the house.

18A. Garage (West Street); c. 1920: Standing southwest of the house and fronting West Street, this one-and-one-half story, two-by-two bay, wood-framed garage carries an unusual asphalt-shingled jerkinhead roof. The first story is novelty-sided while the upper wall surfaces are wood-shingled. A double width overhead door has been installed on the south front. The window openings are fitted with six-over-one sash.

The garage was constructed after a 1916 fire destroyed the two-story, wood-framed Minard House with carriage barn and Lew Thompson purchased its corner lot.

19. Charles Simonds House (Grove Street); c. 1900.
Similar to the contemporary O'Connor House (#43) visible from here on Academy Avenue, this vernacular Queen Anne, wood-framed and clapboarded house rises two and one-half stories from a brick foundation to a gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street and sheathed with corrugated metal. Capitaled corner boards support a frieze band below the molded eaves cornice. The regular window openings have molded lintels and contain two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance. A hip-roofed veranda with turned posts, cutout balustrade, and different cutout skirt extends four bays across the facade and continues two bays along the north eaves elevation to meet a one-bay, clapboarded projection with matching roof line. On the two-bay south elevation, a two-story, rectangular, gabled pavilion emerges from the left half. Coupled two-over-two sash illuminate its central panel flanked by slender one-over-ones on the sides; the spandrels and gable are clapboarded.

A slightly reduced, gable-roofed west wing of similar appearance extends three bays along its south eaves elevation. A two-bay, shed-roofed porch with capitaled chamfered posts, cutout balustrade, and lattice skirt shelters the first story with right entrance.

The house is associated with Charles Simonds, probably its original owner; his widow, Clara, lived here until 1951.

9A. Garage; c. 1970: 1 story; wood-framed; plywood sheathing; gable roof; 2 overhead doors on east gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.

20. Sidney Whipple House (Grove Street); c. 1881, c. 1903, c. 1970.
The present appearance of this two-story, wood-framed and clapboarded house with a shallow pitched, asphalt-shingled gable roof derives from circa 1903 and 1970 renovations. The window openings are fitted mostly with two-over-two sash and headed by molded lintels. A rebuilt interior chimney with corbeled cap surmounts the ridge. The entire roof was reconstructed after a circa 1970 fire destroyed the original higher gable roof.

The two-bay main (west) gable facade possesses a right sidehall entrance surmounted by a bracketed cornice; the paneled door has slender rectangular lights. Added circa 1903 in the left bay, a three-sided bay window with a central two-over-two and side one-over-one sash displays diagonally boarded, chamfered paneled spandrels. From the bay window, a flat-roofed porch also added circa 1903 extends three bays across the facade and continues two bays along the south eaves elevation; its pedestaled chamfered posts have incised diamonds on the upper ends and small paired triangular brackets. On the south elevation, the porch stops at a two-story, one-bay (with coupled slender one over-one sash), clapboarded, gabled pavilion.

A slightly reduced east wing extends three bays along its south eaves elevation. An original three-bay porch (now screened) with capitaled chamfered posts and paired brackets at the eaves meets a two-bay clapboarded projection with matching roof line. Small six-over-six sash light the second story.

Attached to the east wing is a circa 1970, one-story, clapboarded, gable roofed garage with a double-width overhead door on its south eaves front. This garage replaced the original two-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable roofed carriage barn that was destroyed by the fire.

The house is associated with Sidney Whipple, partner in the Whipple, Thompson and Co. that owned the sawmill (#154) and gristmill (#155) on Westminster Street. Whipple lived here from the 1890s until his death in 1920.

21. Allen House (Grove Street); 1960.
1 story; wood-framed; clapboarded; gable roof; exterior fireplace chimney on west (street) gable elevation. Noncontributing owing to age.

22. Wilbur Rugg House (Main and Grove Streets); 1966.
Maynard Stratton,builder; 1 story; wood-framed; clapboarded; gable roof; molded cornice, window surrounds; 1-over-1 sash; main (south) entrance porch with slotted posts, scroll brackets, X-pattern balustrade. Noncontributing owing to age.

23. U. S. Post Office (Main Street); 1960.
William E. Dailey, contractor; 1 story; wood-framed; wide clapboard sheathing; gable roof; entrance vestibule on south gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.

24. Tenney's Lumber Mill Store (Main Street); extensively altered and enlarged c. 1940, 1978.
1 story; wood-framed and concrete-block; boards and-battens except stamped metal on rear of east elevation; shed roof with partial false front on south facade; 4-bay storefront an right of south facade with transomed display windows. Incorporates c. 1920 automobile service station. Noncontributing owing to severe alteration.

25. Warner Block-Odd Fellows Building (Main Street); c. 1850.
Oriented perpendicular to the street, this vernacular Greek Revival, two and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded building of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation A molded cornice follows the eaves of the gable roof, sheathed with stamped metal of crow's-foot pattern. The roof carries three high interior chimneys with enlarged bases; that at the north ridge end retains a denticulated corbeled cap.

The main (south) gable facade incorporates a storefront and upper-story entrance on the first story. The storefront consists of a recessed off-center entrance with four-panel door flanked by two-light reveals, a six-light display windows on the right, and two nine-light windows of the same overall size on the left, all with paneled spandrels. The left-bay, upper- story entrance is recessed behind a paneled reveal. The three-bay second story two-bay attic openings have six-over-six sash headed by molded lintels.

Both the southwest and northwest corners of the building were extended circa 1901 to accommodate stairways providing access to the second-story hall used by I.O.O.F. Lodge No 33. The clapboarded, nearly blind extensions follow the slope of the main roof. The six-bay east eaves elevation retains its original exterior surface.

The building's storefront was occupied by Israel Warner's meat market after 1864 and it remained in Warner family ownership until 1901. During that period, a two-bay, flat-roofed porch with bracketed slotted posts spanned the facade. The storefront included two off-center recessed entrances flanked by large display windows above paneled spandrels.

26. Sabin-Bryant Block (Main and School Street); c. 1865.
Severely altered from its historic appearance, this vernacular Greek Revival gable-front, two-and-one-half story, wood-framed commercial block has been sheathed with boards-and-battens on its south and east (street) elevations and asphalt shingles on the west and north elevations. Molded window lintels survive only on the six-bay west eaves elevation. The window openings contain mostly two-over-two sash and various modern windows. A molded cornice (and frieze band on the west elevation) remains visible at the eaves of the gable roof now sheathed with corrugated metal and carrying two interior chimneys at the ridge.

The originally three-bay Main Street (south) gable facade displays remnants of its circa 1900 appearance, principally the recessed central entrance sheltered by a second-story oriel. The entrance consists of two modern doors, blind transoms, and partly glazed reveals. Modern plate-glass windows now flank the entrance. The oriel has been sheathed with boards-and battens below its windows (a two-over-two in the central panel and one-over-ones on the sides); it retains a crowning molded cornice. At the right corner of the facade, an enclosed two-story, shed-roofed porch has been altered by the installation of first-story display windows; a flared wood shingled apron marks the second story.

On the east (School Street) eaves elevation, the southeast corner Porch stops at an altered two-story, formerly two-bay, gabled pavilion also sheathed with boards-and-battens. To the right of the pavilion, the two-story porch resumes, its first story being entirely board-and-battened while the second story retains seven open bays with box posts above the flared apron. Attached to the north gable elevation is a one-story, shed-roofed wing with double leaf, vertically boarded garage doors on its east front. A one-and-one-half story carriage barn was attached to the wing's north elevation until circa 1920.

The building was owned by the Sabin family between 1879 and 1903. A. H. Sabin operated a dry-goods store in the 1880s and sold house furnishings after 1897. At the turn of the century, the building displayed a polychromatic paint treatment that highlighted its stylistic features. Capitaled corner pilasters supported a frieze band that followed the eaves cornice. The storefront consisted of a recessed central entrance with twin doorways flanked by full-bay, plate-glass display windows, all sheltered by a bracketed continuous canopy below the central oriel. On the east elevation, a one story, flat-roofed porch with pedestaled posts occupied the southeast corner. Between the 1910s and 1942, J. W. Bryant operated a popular confectionery here. This building is non-contributing owning to severe alterations.

27. Harry Morrison House (School Street); c. 1865.
This vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles and standing-seam metal) house rests on a brick foundation. Its main block stands perpendicular to the street but the three-bay east gable front lacks an entrance; the window openings are trimmed with bracketed lintels above the two-over-two sash. The narrow corner boards culminate in molded capitals at the fascia. The main entrance occurs on the left of the two-bay south eaves elevation, marked by fluted pilasters carrying a simplified entablature.

A slightly reduced south ell projects from the main block's southwest corner. On the ell's east eaves elevation, a secondary entrance sheltered by a gabled canopy occupies the left bay while triplet three-over-three sash with continuous bracketed lintel light the right side. A full-length porch added circa 1900 to this elevation has been removed.

Added circa 1940 to the ell's south gable elevation, a one-story, one-by-three bay, clapboarded, shed-roofed wing is lighted by three-over-three sash (some coupled). The basement contains a garage with an overhead door on the east front.

The house is associated with Harry Morrison, who owned it between the 1910s and 1930s.

28. Roux-Kelly House (off School Street); c. 1840.
Facing an abandoned roadway that linked School Street and Main Street, this large vernacular Greek Revival, two-and-one-half story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan has been sheathed with asbestos shingles over the original clapboards although the gable roof retains slate shingles. A rebuilt interior chimney surmounts the north slope. A molded cornice follows both the raking and horizontal eaves, returning across both the west and east gables to form expansive pediments. The somewhat irregular fenestration consists of two-over-two sash.

The five-bay main (west) facade is arranged symmetrically around a central entrance with molded lintel; the double-leaf doors have a large single light over a molded panel. Added circa 1890, a three-bay, flat-roofed (with molded cornice) porch spans the facade, incorporating chamfered posts with paneled pedestals and cutout brackets, cutout balustrade, and lattice skirt. The right bay has been deformed by a modern two-bay, shed-roofed projection with box posts and shifted cutout balustrade. The five-bay south eaves elevation is marked at the left end by a three-sided bay windows with two-over-two sash, molded paneled spandrels, and molded cornice. A matching bay window has been recently removed from the right-end bay.

A one-and-one-half story wing with a slated gable roof extends from main block's rear (east) gable elevation. The wing's two-bay north eaves elevation includes a left entrance sheltered by a two-bay recessed porch with partial lattice enclosure. A twelve-over-twelve sash lights the east gable.

During the period 1887-1902, Professor Louis C. A. Roux of Vermont Academy maintained a dormitory here for his French-language students under the name "La Maison Francaise." Between circa 1910 and 1930, the house was owned by James and Alice Kelly, the latter being a member of the entrepreneurial Scofield family.

29. Clara Ranney House (off School Street); c. 1860.
A vernacular Greek Revival duplex of rectangular plan, this two-and-one half story, six-by-two bay, wood-framed and clapboarded house with an asphalt shingled gable roof stands parallel to the roadway. Capitaled corner boards support a frieze band below the molded eaves cornice. The plain interior chimneys rise from the ridge. The regular fenestration consists of six-over-six. sash.

The six-bay main (south) eaves facade is arranged in mirror image with twin off-center entrances. A full-length, three-bay, hip-roofed (with standing-seam metal) porch with chamfered posts and dimension balustrade is approached at the center by a high flight of exposed wood steps. Beneath the porch deck (supported by intermediate brick piers), the excavated ground reveals a clapboarded basement. A corresponding shed-roofed porch extends the length of the rear (north) elevation.

The house is associated with Clara Ranney, who lived here from the 1950s until the 1970s.

30. Lucy Stone House (School Street); c. 1870.
This vernacular two-story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of modest scale carries a gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street and now sheathed with corrugated metal. A molded cornice follows the eaves, supported by narrow capitaled corner boards. The window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash.

The originally three-bay main (east) gable facade with central entrance was extended circa 1900 by a north addition under the same roof slope. The entrance is headed by a molded sunburst and sheltered by a circa 1890 hip roofed porch with two open bays of slotted posts next to a two-bay clapboarded projection under the same roof. Added circa 1930 to the three-bay south eaves elevation is an enclosed, shallow-gabled porch with four-light windows and novelty-sided apron.

A small one-story, horizontally boarded, gable-roofed shed wing is attached to the rear of the west gable elevation. This shed formerly linked to a one-and-one-half story carriage barn.

The house is associated with Lucy Stone, who lived here from the 1920s until the 1940s.

31. Saxtons River Public School (School Street); 1915.
Surrounded by expansive playgrounds along the north crown of the curving street, the village's imposing two-story (plus half-exposed basement), brick, hip-roofed school was erected in 1915. Its eclectic design incorporates a high rusticated foundation, a projecting hip-roofed entrance pavilion with a hipped dormer, flat-arched door and window openings, and redstone trim. Carved rafter tails appear at the projecting eaves of the roof, which concludes in a large deck. Two massive interior rectangular chimneys surmount the deck; the west chimney retains a corbeled cap.

The rusticated brick foundation rises to a pebbled redstone water table that serves as continuous sill for the first-story window openings. Modern one-over-one sash have been installed in the basement fenestration, whose arrangement matches that of the upper stories. The latter retain original vertically elongated two-over-two sash. The openings are relieved by splayed flat-arches and have pebbled redstone sills. The walls are laid up in five course American bond with alternating headers and stretches in the tie courses.

The symmetrical main (south) facade is dominated by a three-bay central pavilion that projects one bay outward from the flanking two-bay wall panels. Approached by a high flight of concrete steps, the central entrance is recessed behind a flat-arched opening supported by two square brick pillars with redstone capitals and bases placed in antis. The double-leaf paneled (with large lights) doors are flanked by half-length, 20-pane sidelights and surmounted by a transom subdivided into a 30-pane central panel and two 12 pane side panels. Coupled slender one-over-one sash occupy the side bays on both upper stories. Above the entrance, redstone sign panels are incised with "Saxtons River" over "Public 1915 School" in block characters. Aligned with the entrance, a slate-sheathed hipped dormer with coupled 12-light windows emerges from the pavilion's roof. The wall panels flanking the pavilion have single two-over-two sash in their inner bays and blind outer bays.

The east and west elevations are of shorter length but are illuminated by seven coupled two-over-two sash with continuous flat-arched lintel and redstone sill. A flat-arched recessed entrance occurs at ground level on the south end of each elevation. In these cases, the double-leaf doors are surrounded by half-length, four-pane sidelights and a transom subdivided into panels of 3, 30, and 3 panes. Above each entrance, the upper-story bays contain coupled two-over-two sash.

Added in 1954 to the north elevation on an east offset is a one-story, brick, flat-roofed wing with multiple large-light windows. This wing does not contribute to the character of the historic district.

31A. Garage; c. 1950: 1 story; 2 x 4 bays; wood-framed; asphalt-shingle sheathing; shallow-pitch roof; 2 overhead doors on north front. Noncontributing owing to age.

32. A. T. Pierce Barn (off School Street); 1899.
This one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded horse barn carries a broad gable roof now sheathed with standing-seam metal. The south gable front is entered by double exterior vertically boarded sliding doors. A two-over-two sash lights the gable. The west eaves elevation extends six bays of small two-light windows.

The barn was constructed in 1899 for A. T. Pierce. An elongated one story wagon shed with an open west front extended southward from the barn's right-front corner. Four years later, the new hotel (#37) was erected nearby without a carriage barn so this barn was taken over for that purpose. During the 1920s, it was adapted to an "auto house" for the hotel. Presently (1986) it is used for storage by a local building contractor.

33. Philip Frey House (School Street); c. 1870.
Oriented perpendicular to the street, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. A rear cross-gable interrupts the south slope of the gable roof (now sheathed with corrugated metal) with projecting plain eaves. An exterior brick fireplace chimney was added in the late 1940s to the now two-bay west gable facade in place of the original central entrance (a one-bay, flat-roofed entry porch was removed at the same time). The window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash.

The five-bay south eaves facade includes an entrance beneath the cross gable. A circa 1900, one-bay, flat-roofed porch with capitaled square pillars, dimension balustrade (except novelty siding on the enclosed west end), and lattice skirt shelters the three-bay portion of the facade below the gable.

A reduced and recessed former shed (east) wing with raised roof slopes includes an entrance on its two-bay south eaves elevation sheltered by a shed roofed canopy with triangular outrigger. The wing links to a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) carriage barn. The barn's south eaves front includes an overhead garage door at the left end below a loft door and five small stall windows to the right.

The house is associated with Philip Frey, its owner since 1937.

33A. Playhouse; 1912: Sited on the house's north grounds, this one-story, one-by-one bay, wood-framed and novelty-sided playhouse with an asphalt shingled gable roof is lighted by four-pane windows. The entrance on its north gable front is sheltered by a one-bay, shed-roofed (with shouldered eaves) porch with chamfered posts.

This playhouse was built in 1912 by George Buxton for his daughter, Ruth, while the family lived in the Thompson-Minard House (#69) on Pleasant Street. About ten years later, the family and playhouse moved to the Ramsey-Buxton House (#84) on Main Street. In 1961, the playhouse was moved to its present site, now owned by Ruth Buxton's sister, Helen Frey.

33B. Screenhouse; c. 1950: 1 story; wood-framed; novelty siding; continuous screened openings; gable roof (asphalt shingles). Noncontributing owing to age.

34. Nelson Stearns House (School Street); c. 1870.
A similar contemporary of the adjacent Frey House (#33), this one-and one-half story, three-by-three bay, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. The corrugated metal-sheathed gable roof has plain projecting eaves, and carries a gabled dormer on its north slope and two interior chimneys, the rear having a corbeled cap. The main (west) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance sheltered by a one-bay, flat-roofed porch with capitaled chamfered posts. The paneled main door has slender round-headed lights while the window openings contain two-over-two sash.

At the transition to a recessed east wing, a two-bay south cross gable is partly sheltered by a one-bay, shed-roofed, second-story balcony added atop the left end of a circa 1900, three-bay, hip-roofed porch with turned posts, scroll-sawn brackets, and geometrical stickwork balustrade that spans the wing's south elevation. Also added circa 1900, a gable-roofed rear (east) shed wing of similar scale is now sheathed with asphalt shingles.

The house is associated with Nelson Stearns, who owned it from the 1930s until circa 1950.

35. Continental Telephone Building (Main Street); 1949, enlarged c. 1970.
1 story; wood-framed; synthetic siding/brick veneer; gable roof; lacks fenestration. Noncontributing owing to age.

36. Annie Warren House (Main Street); c. 1830.
Similar to the Stearns-Millette House (#82) farther east on Main Street, the Federal style, brick Warren House rises two-and-one-half stories from a brick foundation veneered with granite slabs only on the south facade. The walls are laid up in six-course American bond. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the slate-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street; an interior chimney surmounts the west eaves. The chimneys have been removed from the eaves of the four-bay east elevation.

The three-bay main (south) gable facade includes a left sidehall entrance with a paneled door flanked by four-pane sidelights of three-quarters length and surmounted by a semielliptical blind panel (formerly louvered) with a wood keystoned molded surround. Added circa 1900, a Queen Anne, one-bay, shed roofed (with shallow pediment) porch with turned posts, scroll-sawn brackets, turned balustrade (and ball-capped entrance newels), and low lattice skirt shelters the entrance. The window openings have splayed flat-arch lintels above the two-over-two sash. A semielliptical louver ventilates the gable.

A one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) rear (north) wing is half-offset westward. The two-bay south front includes a left entrance; a circa 1900 Queen Anne porch has been removed. Attached to the wing's west eaves elevation is a circa 1960, three-by-three bay, shed-roofed porch with box posts and vertically boarded apron.

The house is associated with Annie Warren, who lived here from the 1910s until the 1950s.

36A. Garage; c. 1960: 1 story; concrete-block; clapboarded gables; gable roof; 2 overhead doors on south gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.

37. Saxtons River Inn (Main Street and Academy Avenue); 1903.
Symbolized by a dramatic five-story corner tower, the village's turn-of the-century hotel dominates its commercial core and surpasses in size all other buildings in the historic district. Replacing an early nineteenth century predecessor that was demolished to clear the site, the hotel was constructed in 1903 for the Saxtons River Hotel Co. William H. Dean, Sr., a local builder, participated in the project. The building has been only slightly altered from its original appearance.

The eclectically designed, wood-framed and clapboarded hotel of U-plan rises three and one-half stories from a brick foundation to a cross-gable roof shingled with red and gray slate. A molded cornice follows both the horizontal and raking eaves, returning to form pediments on the west and east (partial) gables. A two-bay (of two-over-one sash) shed dormer emerges from the east slope of the roof north of the front block. Headed by molded lintels, the window openings are fitted mostly with two-over-one sash.

Engaging the southeast corner of the front block, the five-story square tower exhibits a variety of ornamental features The clapboarded first story is illuminated by a nearly full-width, plate-glass window on each (south and east) face. Above a slightly flared wood-shingled skirt, the second story has two bays of two-over-one sash. These are repeated on the clapboarded third story, which is surmounted by an extension of the main horizontal cornice. The wood-shingled fourth story differs by its paired bays of large fixed lights with transoms of triangular divisions. The wood-shingle sheathing continues upward to the sill level of the fifth-story windows, these being triplet multiple-diamonds-over-one sash . Above their heads, multiple scroll sawn brackets support the overhanging eaves of the slate-shingled pyramidal roof.

Left of the tower, the five-bay south eaves facade presents to Main Street an off-central entrance with double-leaf glazed and paneled doors flanked by "half-sash" sidelights with diamond upper panes. A two-story, flat-roofed gallery porch crosses the facade, comprising tapered columns with molded capitals, turned balustrade, and lattice skirt flanking the broad wood steps at the entrance. An off-center doorway opens onto the porch's second story.

Right of the tower, the east gable elevation of the front block extends two bays, and the two-story porch resumes with matching components. On the half-gable pediment, a two-over-one window lights the clapboarded tympanum. Projecting northward from the front block, an ell block of similar appearance and scale extends eight bays along its slightly recessed east eaves elevation. Until its collapse around 1970, the two-story porch continued five additional bays to span the entire length of this elevation. Now the off-center east entrance is sheltered by a one-bay, gabled porch with chamfered posts and exposed framing (added circa 1980). The rear (north) gable elevation of this block has a circa 1920, shed-roofed, screened porch.

Repeating the appearance of the first ell, a rear block projects two bays westward as an ell from the former's five-bay west eaves elevation. This ell has a three-bay west gable elevation.

38. A. T. Pierce House (Academy Avenue); c. 1910.
This Colonial Revival style house and the virtually identical Adams House (#39) next to the north were constructed by William H. Dean, Sr., a builder active in the development of Academy Avenue. Marked by various projections, the two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and mostly clapboarded house rests on a brick foundation. A boldly projecting molded cornice follows the eaves of the asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented parallel to the street and its horizontal returns form two-bay pediments on the north and south gables. Both these and other gabled features are sheathed with wood shingles. A low central chimney straddles the ridge. The window openings have molded lintels above the one-over-one sash.

The two-bay main (east) eaves facade includes a right entrance and, at the left corner, a truncated first story with a transomed large-light window. Both are sheltered by the three-bay, flat-roofed (with projecting cornice) porch with Tuscan columns and wood-shingled (partly octagonal) apron with central entrance opening. Above the porch roof, a right-bay pavilion with shallow three-sided bow window is capped by a one-bay pedimented gable. Above the left bay is a one-bay roof dormer with a smaller pedimented gable.

The south elevation extends three bays beneath the main gable and continues two bays under the horizontal eaves of the similar-scaled rear (west) ell. A three-sided bay window with one-over-one sash, clapboarded spandrels, and projecting cornice emerges from a central position. On the recessed north elevation of the ell, a two-bay porch with columns and stickwork balustrade shelters a secondary entrance. Appended to the ell's rear (west) gable elevation is a one-story, two-bay, shed-roofed wing sheathed with asbestos shingles.

This house is associated with A. T. Pierce, its original owner who lived here until the 1920s.

39. Harry Adams House (Academy Avenue); c. 1910.
The nearly identical Colonial Revival twin of the adjacent Pierce House (#38), the Adams House differs on the front block only by the stamped metal of crow's-foot pattern applied to the roof. This is probably the original sheathing applied by the builder, Wllliam H. Dean, Sr.

The west ell of this house differs by having its secondary entrance sheltered by a two-bay, pent-roofed porch recessed into the south elevation. Also in this case, a two-story, one-bay, clapboarded wing with a half-gable roof is attached to the ell's rear (west) gable elevation.

This house is associated with Harry Adams, who owned it between clrca 1915 and 1945.

40. Ralph Severens House (Academy Avenue); c. 1870.
Oriented not quite parallel to the street, this vernacular two-and-one half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. A molded cornice without returns follows the eaves of the slate-shingled gable roof, which carries two plain interior chimneys. The regular fenestration consists of two-over-two sash with molded lintels.

The three-bay main (east) eaves facade was somewhat altered in 1900 for then-owner Fay Fuller by the addition of two three-sided bay windows flanking the central entrance; each has a central two-over-two sash, slender one-over ones on the sides, wood paneled spandrels. Also added at the same time, a shed-roofed porch spans the facade in five bays with turned posts, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt.

On the two-bay south gable elevation, a left entrance is sheltered by a circa 1900, two-bay porch with bracketed chamfered posts. The south porch meets the small one-story, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) shed ell offset southward from the main block's southwest corner.

The house is associated with Ralph Severens, who has owned it since 1936.

40A. Carriage Barn; c. 1900: Standing southwest of the house is a small one and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded carriage barn with a gable roof now sheathed with corrugated metal. The two-bay east eaves front is entered on the right by a vertically boarded interior sliding door surmounted by a loft door. A two-over-two sash lights the left bay.

41. Edward Spaulding House (Academy Avenue); c. 1870, moved c. 1890.
Moved circa 1890 from an unknown origin to its present site, this vernacular two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house resting on a brick foundation has been reoriented from an original three-bay gable front. Placed with its corrugated metal-sheathed gable roof parallel to the street, the house presents a five-bay eaves facade that incorporates the flush one-and-one-half story north wing. The window openings contain two-over-two sash below molded lintels.

The five-bay main (east) eaves facade possesses an off-center entrance at the joint between the two blocks, sheltered by a one-bay, shed-roofed porch with turned posts, geometrical stickwork balustrade, and lattice skirt. Next to the left is a two-story, clapboarded, gabled pavilion with paired sash on its first story. A one-bay shed wall dormer emerges from the east slope of the north wing's gable roof The three-bay south (originally main) gable elevation retains a left sidehall entrance sheltered by a small one-bay, flat roofed porch with chamfered posts.

Projecting from the north wing's west elevation, a one-and-one-half story shed ell expands into a clapboarded, gable-roofed former carriage barn. A new entrance marks its partly exposed east gable front while new fenestration lights its north eaves elevation.

The house is associated with Edward Spaulding, its owner during the first quarter of this century.

41A. Garage; c. 1920: Sited southwest of the house is a one-story, wood framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) garage. Double leaf, vertically boarded doors enter its one-bay east gable front.

42. James Pollard House (Academy Avenue); c. 1860, moved c. 1890.
Probably moved circa 1890 to its present site, this vernacular two-and one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded former duplex house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. A molded cornice (without returns) follows the eaves of the slate-shingled gable roof oriented parallel to the street. The window openings contain two-over-two sash.

The main (east) eaves facade retains five bays with one off-center entrance; the formerly adjacent second entrance has been removed. A three bay, shed-roofed porch spans the facade, comprising bracketed chamfered posts, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt. The three-bay south gable elevation has been altered by the recent installation of room-height glazed panels at its left corner. A former one-story shed wing has been removed from this end of the house but its one-story, clapboarded, shed-roofed counterpart survives at the northwest corner.

The house is associated with James Pollard, who owned it during the 1950s.

42A. Garage; c. 1940: 1 story; wood-framed; novelty siding; gable roof; double-leaf, vertically boarded doors with three-light glazing on east gable front Noncontributing owing to age.

43. Robert O'Connor House (Academy Avenue and Burk Hill Road); c. 1900.
Similar to, but less detailed than, the contemporary Simonds House (#19) on Grove Street, this vernacular two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house on a brick foundation stands with its asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street. The regular fenestration consists of one-over-one sash with molded lintels.

The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance. A Queen Anne, hip-roofed porch spans the facade in two bays, comprising turned posts, cutout balustrade (with ball-capped newels at the entrance opening), and lattice skirt. On the south eaves elevation, a two-and-one-half story, two-bay, gabled pavilion projects one bay outward on the left half. A smaller one-bay gabled pavilion projects from the opposite (north) elevation.

A one-and-one-half story rear (west) wing extends two bays along its south eaves elevation. A two-bay, shed-roofed porch with square posts shelters a left entrance. A gabled dormer emerges from the north slope of the gable roof.

The house is associated with Robert O'Connor, its owner from 1931 until the 1960s.

43A. Garage; c. 1935: Standing northwest of the house, this one-story (plus exposed basement on the east and south elevations), wood-framed and clapboarded garage with an asphalt-shingled gable roof fronts Burk Hill Road. Two sliding doors (one interior and one exterior of beaded matched boards) enter its north gable front while two bays of six-pane windows light its east and west eaves elevations.

44. Alexander Campbell House (Academy Avenue and Burk Hill Road); c. 1905.
William H. Dean, Sr. constructed this Colonial Revival house probably a few years prior to the twin Pierce and Adams Houses (#38 and 39) near the south end of the street. The Campbell House surpasses those houses in stylistic development although their designs are conspicuously similar. Now adapted to a Vermont Academy residence hall, this house is associated with Alexander Campbell, who owned it from about 1910 until the 1930s.

The two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and mostly clapboarded house of ell plan rests on a brick foundation and carries a steeply pitched cross-gable roof shingled with slate. A boldly projecting molded cornice follows the eaves and its horizontal returns form pediments on the gables, whose tympanums are sheathed with wood shingles. A low interior chimney surmounts the south gable peak. The varied fenestration consists mostly of two-over-one sash with molded lintels.

The asymmetrical main (west) facade possesses a left-hand sidehall entrance (with a one-light paneled door) subordinate to an off-center shallow three sided bow window with a one-over-one sash and clapboarded spandrels. A multi-bay, flat-roofed veranda with Tuscan columns, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt spans the facade. Emulating the form of the bow window, the porch's second bay from the left curves outward to a square-neweled entrance opening. The south end of the porch forms a semicircle as it curves around the house's truncated southwest corner where three contiguous sash suggest another bow window. On the second story below the left cross-gable, a bow window occurs somewhat to the left of its first-story counterpart. The gable's tympanum is lighted by a two-over-one sash crowned by a blind lunette. The right bay of the second story is occupied by a large three-over-one sash mounted in a shallow rectangular projection with stepped-out cornice. Directly above, a clapboarded dormer with a broad one-over-one sash and slated hipped cap interrupts the west slope of the roof.

The two-bay south gable elevation is marked by a three-sided bay window with a central two-over-one sash, one-over-ones on the sides, and clapboarded spandrels. Both the south and north gables are lighted by paired two-over-one sash flanking a central blind panel. The latter elevation also includes a first-story rectangular window projection with a large one-over-one sash.

An east ell of similar appearance extends three bays along its north (Burk Hill Road) eaves elevation. An off-center entrance is sheltered by a two-bay porch with components like the front veranda. An exterior skeletal steel fire escape has been added to the east gable elevation.

44A. Garage; c. 1920: Standing east of the house is a one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded garage with a corrugated metal-sheathed gable roof. Two sets of double-leaf, vertically boarded doors enter the west gable front while two bays of two-over-two sash light the north and south eaves elevations.

45. May Buchanan House (Academy Avenue); c. 1900.
William H. Dean, Sr. built this house in a Queen Anne manner, contrasting with the Colonial Revival houses (#38, 39 and 44) that he would create along the street a few years later. The two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and mostly clapboarded house of ell plan rests on a brick foundation, and the cross-gable roof is shingled with red slate. The gables are sheathed with wood shingles in varying textures, and lighted by small coupled nine-over-one sash. A molded cornice follows the horizontal eaves while the raking eaves carry chamfered bargeboards. The window openings have molded lintels and are fitted mostly with two-over-one sash.

A gable-front west block presents to the street a two-bay facade whose first story consists of a three-sided bay windows with two-over-one sash, clapboarded spandrels, and projecting cornice. The west gable is distinguished by diamond and octagonal shingles. A two-bay, shed-roofed porch extends from the west block's one-bay south eaves elevation across the two-bay west elevation of the eaves-front south block; the porch comprises turned posts, pendanted brackets, spindle valance, two-tier balustrade, and lattice skirt. The porch shelters the main entrance in the left corner bay of the south block's west front. The south block's two-bay south gable elevation wears octagonal and rectangular shingles on its gable.

A two-bay east ell of similar appearance has been somewhat altered by the enclosure of the original entrance porch on its south eaves elevation. A one story, clapboarded, shed-roofed wing extends across the rear (east) gable elevation.

The house is associated with May Buchanan, who lived here from its construction until the 1930s.

45A. Garage; c 1960: 1 story; wood-framed; clapboarded; gable roof; 2 overhead doors on south gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.(Burned 1988)

46. Davis-Hitchcock House (Academy Avenue; c. 1890.
This vernacular Queen Anne, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation, its asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street. A molded cornice bearing a narrow scalloped fringe follows both the horizontal and raking eaves. The window openings have molded lintels above the mostly two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (west) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance with single-light paneled door. A two-bay, flat-roofed porch spans the facade with turned posts, spindle brackets, geometrical stickwork balustrade (with ball-capped newels at the entrance opening), lattice skirt, and modern metal step railings. Coupled one-over-one sash light the gable, sheathed above the window lintel with octagonal wood shingles. Both the three-bay north and south eaves elevations are marked by an off-center gabled wall dormer.

A reduced and recessed rear (east) wing of similar appearance includes a left entrance on its two-bay south eaves elevation. A two-bay porch on this elevation matches the front porch except for the missing balustrade.

The house was built for the Davis family, who owned it until the 1920s. Ruth Hitchcock has lived here since 1953.

47. Tillinghast-Hughes House (Academy Avenue); c. 1875.
Probably the first house constructed after Academy Avenue was opened, this vernacular Italianate Revival, wood-framed and clapboarded house of cruciform plan rises two stories from a brick foundation to an asphalt shingled, cross-gable roof of shallow pitch. Two interior chimneys with enlarged bases surmount the ridge. The window openings are trimmed with molded lintels above the mostly two-over-two sash. The corner boards are embellished with a corner torus molding. A simplified entablature follows the eaves .

Both the gable-front west block and the recessed north and south ells have dominantly vertical proportions one bay in width. The west facade incorporates on the first story a three-sided bay window with a central two-over-two sash and one-over-ones on the sides, paneled spandrels, and projecting cornice. Coupled slender one-over-one sash occupy the second story while a louvered oculus with keystoned surround ventilates the low gable

A Colonial Revival, shed-roofed porch with Tuscan columns, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt extends along the west block's two-bay south eaves elevation with the main entrance an the right. The porch meets the one by-one bay south ell with its south elevation treated similar to the west facade. Its first-story bay window differs by being rectangular and having paired one-over-one sash in the central panel.

A one-and-one-half story east wing extends four bays along its south eaves elevation. Two shed wall dormers emerge from both the north and south slopes of the gable roof. The Colonial Revival porch resumes from the south ell and shelters two off-center entrances on the wing's south elevation. A two-story carriage barn was attached circa 1890 to the wing's east gable elevation but has been removed since 1950.

The house was owned around the turn of the century by Charles Tillinghast, teacher of classics at Vermont Academy. The Hughes family occupied the house from the 1910s until circa 1970.

48. "The Beehive" (Academy Avenue); c. 1860.
This vernacular tenement was built some time prior to the opening of Academy Avenue, and was approached by a driveway from Main Street. The plain two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded building rests on a stone foundation, its asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented parallel to the street. A molded cornice follows the eaves with partial returns on the gable ends. Twin gabled dormers interrupt the west slope; each contains coupled sash flanked by vertical panels and surmounted by pedimented gables. The window openings are fitted mostly with modern one-over-one sash interspersed with older two-over-two sash.

The main (west) eaves facade extends eight bays in length, including entrances with paneled doors in the third and sixth bays. Both are sheltered by a Colonial Revival, four-bay, hip-roofed porch added circa 1920 with tapered square pillars and wood-shingled apron with two entrance openings. A similar two-bay porch occurs on the three-bay south gable elevation, sheltering a rear-corner entrance and overlapping one bay onto the one-and one-half story southeast ell that projects three bays along its south eaves elevation. A one-bay pedimented dormer emerges from the south slope of its gable roof. A similar ell projects from the building's northeast corner; in that case, the two-bay porch shelters only the ell's north eaves elevation.

49. Richard Stevens House (Academy Avenue); c. 1915.
Possibly rebuilt from a circa 1900 carriage barn on the site, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan shows both Queen Anne and Shingle Style influences. Above a brick foundation, the first story is clapboarded. A slightly flared skirt encircles the top of the first story, and the upper wall surfaces are sheathed with octagonal wood shingles. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the gable roof oriented parallel to the street and now covered with corrugated metal; the original roof sheathing is unknown. One interior chimney rises above the ridge. The window openings share molded lintels but contain various types of sash.

The symmetrical three-bay main (west) eaves facade possesses a central entrance flanked by large windows of a single light with transom. A Queen Anne, one-bay porch with turned posts, clapboarded apron, and pedimented shallow-gable roof shelters the entrance, corresponding in width to a gabled wall dormer directly above. The latter is opened by a double-leaf (each of two lights) casement window. The four-bay north and south gable elevations are distinguished by a shingled blind eyebrow on each gable peak. A reduced and recessed east wing has been altered by the addition of a shed-roofed second story.

The house is associated with Richard Stevens, its owner during the third quarter of this century.

50. Storefront (Academy Avenue); c. 1950.
1 story; wood-framed; asbestos shingled; slated gable roof; stepped falsefront on three-bay west facade with casement windows flanking central entrance; concrete-block, shed-roofed garage wing on east. Built for Richard Stevens as electrical supply shop. Noncontributing owing to age.

51. Simonds Store - Saxtons River Village Market (Main Street and Academy Avenue); c. 1870.
The only brick commercial block in Saxtons River village consists of an Italianate Revival, two-and-one-half story building of rectangular plan resting on a granite slab foundation, above which the brick walls are laid up in seven-course American bond. A denticulated molded cornice embellishes the eaves of the gable roof oriented perpendicular to Main Street and shingled with polychromatic slate. A rebuilt interior chimney surmounts the ridge, lacking its original corbeled cap. The window openings are segmental-headed with corbeled labels and granite keystones, and are fitted with two-over-two sash.

The main (south) gable facade possesses a five-bay storefront entirely rebuilt in 1985. The recessed central entrance includes two glazed multi panel doors hung diagonally on each side of a plate-glass window. The entrance opening is flanked on each side by two bays of plate-glass display windows above paneled spandrels. Also rebuilt in 1985, a flat-roofed (with denticulated cornice) porch spans the facade in three bays, supported by capitaled paneled posts with stylized brackets that stand on a low brick skirt concealing a brick deck with a ramped surface. The second story is marked by twin bay windows added circa 1880 to the side bays in place of the original flush windows. The three-sided bay windows have two-over-two sash, paneled spandrels, and denticulated cornices.

The seven-bay west (Academy Avenue) eaves elevation includes two disused off-center entrances. A skeletal iron fire escape with second-story landing was added in 1985, recycled from the Rockingham Town Hall in nearby Bellows Falls. Attached to the rear (north) gable elevation is a two-story, wood framed and clapboarded shed wing with a slated gable roof. The two-bay west eaves elevation includes a left entrance while a shed-roofed stair wing was added in 1985 to the opposite (east) elevation.

The original appearance of the building differed primarily on the main facade. The upper-story entrance with a paneled door and transom was placed off-center, flanked by similar storefronts with recessed double-leaf entrances and flanking two- or four-light display windows. The three-bay porch had capitaled paneled pillars standing on a low wood deck. Near the front (right) end of the west elevation, a one-bay, flat-roofed canopy with capitaled square posts on paneled pedestals sheltered steps descending to a basement entrance (now infilled). The interior chimneys at the ridge carried corbeled caps.

The building was constructed probably for John Farnsworth, who lived in the adjacent Italianate Revival house (#52). Isaac Glynn rented one half for a grocery and dry-goods store around 1870, followed by his sons, Cyrus L. and Cyrus F. A separate meat market occupied the basement, entered from the west elevation. Charles F. Simonds took over the grocery store in the 1890s and, after performing extensive renovations in 1899, purchased the building in 1903. He continued until circa 1940, and his sons maintained the business until 1960. The present owners, Andrew and Dorothy Wind, undertook a substantial rehabilitation of the building in 1985.

52. John Farnsworth House (Main Street); c. 1860.
The finest expression of Italianate Revival residential design on Main Street retains its original stylistic features with certain modifications. Oriented perpendicular to the street, the two-and-one-half story, wood-framed Farnsworth House of cruciform plan has been sheathed with synthetic siding over the original clapboards although the cross-gable roof retains slate shingles. The house rests on a granite slab foundation with a beveled cap, from which corner boards ascend to support a frieze band below the denticulated eaves cornice. The main interior chimney rises to a denticulated corbeled cap while two others lack same. The varied fenestration consists predominantly of two-over two sash, each with footed sill, molded surround, and headed by a frieze band and denticulated cornice echoing the eaves treatment.

The two-bay main (south) gable facade presents a right sidehall entrance consisting of double-leaf paneled doors, each with a large round-headed light. On the left, a two-story, three-sided bay window contains coupled slender one over-one sash in the central panel and single one-over-ones on the sides (each with molded surround) and paneled spandrels; a denticulated cornice crowns each story. The gable is illuminated by an unusual four-part window consisting of coupled four-over-two sash abutted by smaller single-light sash; a round-headed louver crowns the window. This ensemble replaced the original round-headed, two-over-two sash with molded surround.

Sheltering the main entrance is a multi-bay veranda with bracketed chamfered posts, dimension balustrade (with ball-capped newels at the entrance openings), wire-screened skirt, and flat roof (plus a shallow entrance gable) with eaves treatment like the main roof. The exposed granite steps have scrolled closed ends. As modified circa 1900, the veranda curves onto the east eaves elevation and stops at a south-facing entrance on the two-and-one half story, two-bay, gabled east pavilion. A three-sided bay window like that on the main facade emerges from the left bay of the pavilion's first story while coupled one-over-one sash occupy the right bay. The east gable's four part window is distinguished by coupled round-headed, two-over-two sash with heavy molded surround.

The west elevation differs only slightly from the east. A two-bay porch lacking a balustrade follows the eaves portion to serve a south entrance (a single paneled door with round-headed lights) on the west pavilion. The latter's west first story is occupied by a rectangular bay window with coupled two-over-two sash in the central panel.

A north wing of similar scale and appearance extends four bays in length. Its east eaves elevation has a three-bay porch matching that on the main block's west elevation while its west elevation is sheltered by a two-story, four-bay porch with dimension posts and balustrade.

Attached to the northeast rear corner of the wing, a two-and-one-half story, clapboarded carriage barn with a slate-shingled gable roof projects eastward as an ell. A frieze band and molded cornice follow both the horizontal and raking eaves. The mostly six-over-six sash have molded surrounds, and an oculus with molded surround lights both the east and west gables. The two-bay south eaves front exhibits a unique Tudor-arched carriage entrance with molded surround; the interior sliding door is vertically boarded and overlaid with two-tiered bracing. Directly above, a rectangular loft door is treated similarly.

The house was constructed for John A. Farnsworth, a partner from 1848 until 1893 in the woolen mill (see #120) on Maple Street that was the village's leading industry. Originally the main entrance was sheltered by a one-bay porch, and the south half of the east elevation had a separate porch matching that extant on the west elevation. All the porches were crowned by metal roof crestings. An elaborate iron fence enclosed the front grounds, matching that at the Osgood-Colvin House (#100) nearby on Main Street (Farnsworth also owned that house between 1875 and 1890).

53. Dr. F. L. Osgood House (Main and Pleasant Streets); c. 1840.
A semicircular-arched recessed balcony and tetrastyle portico probably added circa 1900 distinguish this Greek Revival, one-and-one-half story, wood-framed house. Resting on a brick foundation, the main block is sheathed with horizontal flush boards to simulate stone. A frieze band and molded cornice follow the eaves of the asphalt-shingled gable roof. Interrupting both the east and west slopes, a wood-shingled hipped wall dormer (added circa 1930) contains coupled two-over-two sash. The original window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (south) gable facade includes a left sidehall entrance flanked by slender half-length, four-pane sidelights and enframed by a fluted surround with corner and head blocks. The portico incorporates Tuscan columns, cutout balustrade, and chamfered newels at the left entrance opening. An identical balustrade protects the balcony, whose three-bay recessed wall panel includes a central entrance.

The east (Pleasant Street) eaves elevation extends four bays in length while the west elevation is marked by a left-end rectangular bay window with triplet one-over-one sash in the central panel, flush-boarded spandrels,and molded cornice. Abutting the bay window on the left, a small one-bay porch with bracketed chamfered post shelters the south-facing entrance with six-panel door, sidelights, and fluted surround that served Dr. 0sgood's office in the house's offset north wing.

On its four-bay west eaves elevation, the wing is clapboarded on the original first story and wood-shingled on the added (circa 1930) second story with varied fenestration. The one-story east elevation retains its original gable roof slope with two added shed dormers. A one-bay porch with capitaled pillar and dimension balustrade shelters a corner entrance on the main block's north end.

Attached to the wing as a northeast ell, a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with wood shingles) shed is used as a garage. Two overhead doors enter its east gable front below a loft door and twelve-light diamond window in the gable peak. A two-story, novelty-sided, shed-roofed wing was added circa 1920 to the shed's rear (west) elevation.

Dr. Frederick L. Osgood lived in this house from about 1896 until his death in 1959, and kept his medical office in the north wing. Among other community activities, he held the position of Moderator for a half-century after the village's original incorporation in 1905. Apparently he added the tetrastyle portico and recessed balcony to his house, possibly inspired by the similar facade treatment of the Saxtons River Hotel, which was demolished in 1903.

54. Horan House (Pleasant Street); c. 1840.
A Greek Revival pentastyle portico unique in the historic district distinguishes the eaves front of this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan. Apart from the main facade, the house is now sheathed with synthetic siding over the original clapboards, concealing also the frieze band below the molded cornice of the raking eaves. Asphalt shingles have been applied to the gable roof oriented parallel to the street; a shed dormer emerges from the west slope. The brick foundation is fully exposed on the south elevation and lighted by two bays of twelve-over-eight sash.

The symmetrical five-bay main (east) facade contrasts markedly with the remainder of the house. Fluted Doric columns rise from the wood deck to support the heavy eaves entablature The recessed wall surface is sheathed with flush horizontal boards. The central entrance ensemble comprises full length, five-pane sidelights and a fluted surround with corner and head blocks. The four flanking bays are occupied by nine-over-nine sash of room height.

On the north and south gable elevations, each end bay of the portico is screened with wood lattice below the entablature return. The window bays are fitted with six-over-six sash. A recent one-story, gable-roofed entrance vestibule with small one-over-one sash extends from the southwest corner. A two story, two-bay, gable-roofed shed ell projects from the northwest corner, its basement story fully exposed. A central chimney with corbeled cap surmounts its ridge.

The house is associated with John and Mary Horan, who owned it during a half century after circa 1910. Horan held a principal interest in the woolen mill (see #120) on Maple Street.

55. Baptist Parsonage (Pleasant Street); 1844.
A simpler expression of Greek Revival style than the adjacent houses to the south and north, this two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan carries a slate-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street. Above the stone foundation, fluted corner pilasters rise to molded capitals at the frieze band that follows the molded cornice only along the horizontal eaves. The regular fenestration consists of two-over-two sash except for two bays of original six-over-sixes in the east gable.

The three-bay main (east) gable facade possesses a right sidehall entrance recessed behind a paneled reveal. Showing either a Queen Anne or an ecclesiastical influence, the six-panel door is flanked by sidelights and transom fitted with stained glass. A fluted surround with bullseye corner blocks enframes the entrance. Added circa 1910, a Queen Anne, flat-roofed veranda spans the facade in four bays, including a single-bay projecting pavilion with very shallow pediment that shelters the steps. Comprising turned posts, dimension balustrade, and matched-board skirt, the veranda continues two bays along the four-bay north eaves elevation to meet a one-story, rectangular, hip-roofed projection that extends four bays westward.

A one-and-one-half story rear (west) wing extends four bays along its recessed south eaves elevation, including a right entrance with fluted surround and corner blocks. A three-bay, shed-roofed porch with square posts shelters the right half of the south elevation. A gabled dormer on the gable roof's south slope contains a twelve-over-eight sash. Near the west end, an angled shed wall dormer retains a recessed paneled door. This apparently related to a two-story carriage barn that was formerly attached to the wing as a southwest ell.

The house was constructed in 1844 to serve as the Baptist parsonage. It remained such until the 1930s when the Baptist and Congregational parishes were federated, and the Congregational parsonage (#148) on Westminster Street was selected to continue in that role.

56. Henry Wiley House (Pleasant Street); c. 1845.
Exhibiting a marked similarity to the Osgood-Colvin House (#100) on Main Street, this high-style Greek Revival house possesses a two-story, tetrastyle portico with expansive pediment. The two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and mostly clapboarded house of rectangular plan stands perpendicular to the street, its gable roof shingled with slate. Paneled corner pilasters ascend to a simplified entablature along the horizontal eaves. Corbeled caps have been removed from the interior chimneys that surmount the ridge ends. Apart from the east facade, the window openings are fitted with six-over-six sash.

The distinctive three-bay main (east) gable facade with its two-story portico is sheathed with horizontal flush boards. The right sidehall entrance is flanked by full-length, six-pane sidelights and enframed by a molded surround with corner blocks bearing raised hemispheres. The window openings are of room height and fitted with nine-over-nine sash, enframed by fluted surrounds with corner blocks. The tetrastyle portico is supported by paneled square pillars, those on the second story being reduced in size. An iron balustrade protects the second-story deck. Above the horizontal entablature, the pediment is enriched by triglyphs, plain metopes, and guttae along the raking eaves. The flush-boarded tympanum bears a large round headed central louver.

The four-bay south eaves elevation is marked by a left-end, three-sided bay window with a central twelve-over-twelve sash and a nine-over-nine on each side, paneled spandrels, and molded cornice. On the opposite (north) elevation, a rectangular, one-story, clapboarded, shed-roofed projection is lighted by two bays of six-over-six sash.

A rear (west) wing similar to the main block extends four bays along its recessed south eaves elevation with a right-central entrance; a former porch has been removed. Attached to the rear of this wing is an altered one-and one-half story former shed wing extending three bays in length and converted to residential use. Its south eaves elevation includes an added deeply recessed right entrance with a fluted surround and corner blocks. Kneewall windows surmount the adjacent bays of six-over-six sash.

The house was constructed circa 1845 for William L. Wiley (1820-1900), a partner with his brothers, George R. and Henry C., and a brother-in-law in a successful tinware business during the 1840s. William L. moved to Illinois in 1851, and Henry C. Wiley (1827-1898) took over the house where he lived the rest of his life. Henry repurchased the tinware business in 1863 and continued with various partners through the 1870s.

The house has been somewhat altered from its original appearance. The windows have been changed at least twice. Six-over-six sash were originally installed but were replaced in 1874 by two-over-two sash - just before lightning struck the house and smashed many of the new sash along with much other damage. On the north elevation, a two-bay, flat-roofed porch with chamfered posts extended from the front corner to the one-story wing. The two-bay south porch on the west wing was supported by bracketed slotted post. The clapboarded, gable-roofed shed wing lacked fenestration.

56A. Carriage Barn; c. 1845: Standing southwest of the house, this wood framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) former carriage barn was extensively altered circa 1970 to contain first-story garage stalls and second-story residential space. The four-bay east eaves front now includes three overhead garage doors and irregular modern fenestration.

57. Fuller Apartment House (Pleasant Street); c. 1850.
This vernacular Greek Revival, two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and mostly clapboarded house of rectangular plan with a slate-shingled gable roof presents to the street a four-bay east gable elevation that lacks an entrance. From the granite slab foundation, smooth corner pilasters rise to molded capitals supporting a frieze band and molded cornice along the eaves. Two interior chimneys straddle the ridge, the rear retaining its round-headed panels and denticulated corbeled cap. The regular fenestration consists of two-over-two sash surmounted by peaked drip moldings atop the plain lintels.

The main (south) eaves facade is entirely shielded by a circa 1930, two-story, three-bay, shed-roofed screened porch with slender columns and wood shingled apron. Flanking each side of the central entrance, three-sided bay windows with two-over-two sash and paneled spandrels are enclosed within the porch. The opposite (north) elevation has been sheathed with asbestos shingles.

A two-story, gable-roofed west wing also possesses a two-story, shed roofed porch on its south elevation, the four bays with dimension posts and balustrade being mostly screened. Attached to the wing as a southwest ell is a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded former carriage barn with an asphalt shingled gable roof. Three overhead garage doors have been installed on its four-bay east eaves front. A six-pane diamond window lights the south gable peak.

The house is associated with Fay S. Fuller, owner of the Main Street hardware store (#99) who lived here during the 1900s and 1910s. During the 1920s, it was occupied by the Music Department of Vermont Academy under the name of Davidson Hall. Then spanning the south facade was a one-story, three bay, flat-roofed porch with pedestaled chamfered posts and pierced brackets. The five-bay second story was fully exposed.

58. George Alexander House (Pleasant Street); c. 1910.
The Bungaloid character of this one-and-three-quarters story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan has been disfigured by the circa 1970 alteration of its recessed front porch. Above the brick foundation, the first story is clapboarded while the upper wall surfaces are wood-shingled. Oriented parallel to the street, the high gable roof is shingled with slate. The irregular fenestration consists mostly of two-over-one sash in graduated sizes with molded lintels.

The two-bay recessed wall plane of the main (east) eaves facade includes a left entrance and a plate-glass window with four-light transom. The porch has been rebuilt with a scribed concrete deck and thin metal posts, the latter being visually inadequate to carry the large gabled balcony that interrupts the roof slope. The balcony's flared side walls and pedimented gable are sheathed with wood shingles while a dimension balustrade protects the trabeated opening; a left doorway enters the two-bay recessed wall plane. On the south gable elevation, a small three-sided bay window with two-over-one sash and clapboarded spandrels emerges from the first story.

A one-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with slate) rear (west) ell includes on its recessed south eaves elevation a right entrance sheltered by a one-bay corner porch with capitaled square post. The enlarged rear half of the ell has two overhead garage doors. An exterior wood stair has been added to the west gable elevation.

The house is associated with George Alexander, probably its original owner who lived here until the middle 1920s.

58A. Garage; c. 1930: Standing southwest of the house, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and novelty-sided garage with a high gable roof (now sheathed with standing-seam metal) repeats the house's basic form. Two open stalls enter its east gable front while a one-story, vertically boarded, shed roofed wing has been added to the rear.

59. George Richardson House (Pleasant Street); c. 1850.
Yet another vernacular Greek Revival, two-and one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan, this house rests on a granite slab foundation and carries a slate-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street. Slender torus-molded corner boards with capitals support a frieze band below the molded cornice. Incised scroll forms decorate the lower corners of the eaves. The regular fenestration consists of two-over-two sash with molded lintels.

The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance surmounted by a footed pedimented hood; the paneled door contains slender round-headed lights. A Colonial Revival, three-bay, flat-roofed porch spans the facade, with Tuscan columns (paired at the entrance opening), dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt. On the two-bay south eaves elevation, a three-sided bay window with coupled one-over-one sash in the central panel and one on each side, paneled spandrels, and molded cornice occupies the left bay.

A west wing of similar scale and appearance extends four bays along its south eaves elevation with an off-center entrance. A two-bay, shed-roofed porch with capitaled chamfered posts shelters the entire first story. A one story, shed-roofed, screened pavilion on the west gable elevation has replaced a shed link to a former one-and-one-half story carriage barn.

The house is associated with George Richardson, who owned it during the first quarter of this century.

59A. Garage; c. 1960: 1 story; wood-framed; novelty siding; gable roof; double-width opening on east gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.

60. Emily Pember House (Pleasant Street and Burk Hill Road); c. 1860.
Oriented perpendicular to Pleasant Street, this plain one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan resting on a rubble foundation carries a high asphalt-shingled gable roof with a central chimney. A shed dormer emerges from the north slope. The two-bay east gable elevation lacks an entrance; that occurs centered on the three-bay south eaves facade. To the left of the entrance is a small three-sided bay window with a central two-over-two sash and one-over-ones on the sides above paneled spandrels. The other window openings contain small two-over-two sash.

Offset northward from the main block, a clapboarded, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) west block of similar scale is lighted by larger two-over two sash. A vertically boarded sliding carriage door enters its west gable elevation next to Burk Hill Road. A one-story, shed-roofed wing occupies the south corner between the two blocks.

The house is associated with Emily Pember, its owner between the 1930s and 1950s.

61. David Stearns House (Pleasant Street); c. 1860.
Of ell plan with its main block oriented perpendicular to the street, this vernacular Greek Revival, one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house with a slate-shingled gable roof rests on a brick foundation. Torus-molded corner pilasters with capitals support a frieze band below the molded eaves cornice. A plain central chimney surmounts the ridge. The window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash belt molded lintels.

The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance; the paneled door with slender round-headed lights is sheltered by a slated gabled canopy with a stickwork gable screen and curved brackets. On the right of the two-bay south eaves elevation is a three-sided bay window with a central two-over-two sash and a slender one-over-one on each side, paneled spandrels, and molded cornice.

Attached to the southwest corner of the main block, the similar south ell projects four bays along its east eaves front where a recessed porch with square posts and pipe railing shelters a three-bay wall panel with central entrance. A two-bay gabled wall dormer interrupts the east slope of the roof.

Attached to the southeast corner of the ell as a parallel wing, a similar small carriage barn possesses on its east eaves front and exterior vertically boarded sliding door on the left, an interior paneled sliding door in the center, and the infilled opening of a former exterior sliding door on the right below a loft door. The barn's south gable elevation is lighted by four small stall windows below two twelve-light windows on the half-story and a two-over-two sash at the gable peak. The downward slope of the ground exposes a clapboarded basement story on the south and west; at that level, a one-story, shed-roofed wing with sliding door has been added to the south elevation.

The house is associated with David Stearns, partner in the Fuller Hardware Co. (see #99) between 1913 and 1947 who lived here during that period and afterward.

61A. Garage; c. 1920: Standing on the lower level south of the house, this wood-framed garage consists of a one-and-one-half story, vertically boarded, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) main block and a one-story, novelty sided, shed-roofed south wing. Two exterior and one interior, vertically boarded sliding doors enter the east gable front of the main block and one of each the wing. David Stearns formerly used this building as a plumbing shop.

62. Raymond Longley House (Pleasant Street); 1874.
This modest one-and-one-half story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan with an asphalt-shingled gable roof rests on a brick foundation and has been sheathed with synthetic siding over the original clapboards. A central chimney straddles the ridge. The window openings are fitted with six-over-six sash removed in 1874 from Henry Wiley's house (#56) to the south. The two-bay main (east) gable facade has a right entrance sheltered by a small one-bay, gabled porch with chamfered posts and dimension balustrade. The four-bay south eaves elevation includes an off-center secondary entrance with shed canopy.

Offset northward from the rear (west) elevation, a gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) shed wing has an exposed basement story owing to the abrupt downward slope. Its two-bay east half-gable front includes a paneled door.

The house was constructed for Henry C. Wiley as a residence for employees of his tinware business. Now it is associated with Raymond Longley, who has owned it since 1944.

63. House (Pleasant Street); c. 1875.
This vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan with an asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street is marked by a double band of trim boards heading the first story. The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance surmounted by a simple denticulated cornice. The window bays contain two-over-two sash. From the rear of the two-bay south eaves elevation, a reduced ell extends three bays along its east eaves elevation with a right entrance. A three-bay, shed-roofed porch with box posts and clapboarded apron shelters this elevation.

Attached to the ell's south end is a former carriage barn (now converted to residential use) whose scale, orientation, and appearance nearly match the main block. Its three-bay east gable front is treated the same as its counterpart. The downward slope exposes a clapboarded basement on both the two-bay south eaves elevation (with left entrance) and the rear (west) elevation.

64. Stevens House (Pleasant Street); c. 1865.
Oriented parallel to the street, this vernacular two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan carries a gable roof now sheathed with corrugated metal. A frieze band and molded cornice follow the eaves. The window openings contain two-over-two sash and are trimmed with molded lintels.

The four-bay main (east) eaves facade possesses an off-central entrance fitted with a four-panel blind next to the glazed paneled door. A rebuilt one-bay gabled porch with box posts and metal railing shelters the entrance. The two-bay north gable elevation is bisected by an added exterior fireplace chimney. On the opposite (south) elevation, a one-story, shed-roofed porch has been enclosed with multiple windows and novelty siding.

Both the enclosed porch and a two-story, one-bay, gable-roofed south wing link to the one-and-one-half story, clapboarded carriage barn with an asphalt shingled gable roof oriented as a southwest ell. An overhead garage door has been installed on its two-bay east gable front next to a two-over-two sash. The two-bay south eaves elevation gains an exposed clapboarded basement story with a vertically boarded, paneled sliding door.

The house may have been built for Farnsworth and Co., owners of the former woolen mill (see #120) on Maple Street, as an employees' residence. The house is associated with the Stevens family, who owned it between circa 1910 and the late 1930s.

65. Perry-Daniels House (Pleasant Street); c. 1880.
Carrying a steeply pitched, asphalt-shingled gable roof (partly rebuilt after a late 1940s fire), this one-and-three-quarters story, wood-framed and clapboarded cottage of ell plan resting on a brick foundation shows a Gothic Revival influence. Chamfered corner boards ascend to triangular paneled boxes at the lower corners of the eaves. A pent roof spans each gable above the second-story openings. A continuous shed dormer with two bays of short two over-two sash emerges from the north slope of the main roof.

The two-bay main (east) gable facade possesses a left entrance sheltered by a flat hood supported by triangular brackets bearing raised diamonds; modern metal railings protect the open landing. The paneled door with slender paired lights is surmounted by a molded blind transom with incised fleur-de-lys and diamonds. Common to the house, the window openings are trimmed with lintels whose drip caps bear a central single dogtooth. Above the pent roof, the east gable peak is lighted by a small two-over-two sash. The recessed one-by-one bay south ell matches the horizontal eaves line of the main block but its roof has a somewhat lower ridge.

Added circa 1950 to the north eaves elevation, a one-story, gable-roofed enclosed breezeway ell links to a one-and-one-half story, concrete-block and partly clapboarded, gable-roofed garage with a double-width overhead door on its east gable front. The garage replaced a carriage barn destroyed in the late 1940s fire.

The house was built probably for Hannah Perry, the widow of George Perry who was a principal in both the local tinware and woolen industries. Subsequently, Carrie Daniels owned the house until she married Starks Edson (see #9) in 1916.

66. Fordham-Van Schaick House (Pleasant Street); 1940.
1-1/2 stories; wood-framed; synthetic siding; gable roof (asphalt shingles) with 2 gabled dormers; 5-bay west eaves facade has central entrance with classical surround; 6/6 sash; screened south pavilion. Built for Austin Fordham. Noncontributing owing to age.

66A. Garage; c. 1957: 1 story; wood-framed; novelty siding; gable roof; 2 overhead doors on west gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.

67. Baker-Coleman House (Pleasant Street); c. 1845.
The Greek Revival temple front with tetrastyle portico and the connected outbuildings give this house marked similarity to the Ramsey-Buxton (#84) and Gale (#92) Houses on Main Street. The one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a granite foundation. The asphalt-shingled gable roof carries a two-bay shed dormer on the north slope and a shed dormer with small coupled two-over-two sash on the south slope; two interior chimneys surmount the ridge. Simple corner pilasters support the molded eaves cornice. The window openings contain six-over-six and some two over-two sash.

The three-bay main (west) gable facade includes on the recessed wall plane a right sidehall entrance with a paneled door flanked by four-pane sidelights of three-quarters length and enframed by a molded paneled surround with bullseye corner and head blocks. The tetrastyle portico incorporates square fluted pillars with molded capitals supporting a simplified entablature. The clapboarded gable is lighted by two bays of six-over-six sash. The south eaves elevation extends three bays in length.

A reduced and recessed east wing carries a gabled dormer on its south slope above a shed-roofed south porch enclosed with multiple four-light windows (or screens) between capitaled square pillars. The wing links to a one-and-one-half story, gable-roofed barn attached as an ell. The barn's partial west eaves elevation is clapboarded while the other elevations are vertically boarded; the roof's west slope is asphalt-shingled while the east slope is sheathed with standing-seam metal. The wagon entrance occurs on the east eaves elevation, consisting of double vertically-boarded exterior sliding doors. Attached to the south gable elevation below its six-light diamond window, a reduced south wing is clapboarded on its three-bay west eaves front and two-bay south gable elevation. A carriage entrance with double-leaf, vertically boarded doors occupies the right half of the west front.

The house is associated with both the Baker family, who owned it during the first quarter of this century, and Beecher Coleman, its owner during the second quarter.

67A. Shed; c. 1920: Standing north of the barn is a two-story, wood-framed and novelty-sided shed, its shallow gable roof sheathed with corrugated metal. The two-bay west gable front is entered by an exterior novelty-sided sliding door. On the north eaves elevation, a wood ramp extends from the rising ground to a second-story entrance with novelty-sided sliding door.

67B. Chickenhouse; c. 1920: East of the barn is an elongated one-story, wood-framed and novelty-sided chickenhouse with a metal-sheathed shed roof. Six bays of six-over-six sash illuminate its south front.

68. Simonds-Frey House (Pleasant Street); c. 1830.
This vernacular farmhouse preceded the residential development of Pleasant Street. The one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. A simple molded cornice (with returns) follows the eaves of the asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented parallel to the street. The five-bay main (west) eaves facade is arranged symmetrically around a central entrance whose four-panel door is flanked by half-length, four-pane sidelights within a plain surround. The window bays are fitted with two-over-two sash.

The three-bay south gable elevation with off-center entrance sprouts a Colonial Revival, two-by-one bay, hip-roofed porch with square pillars, wood shingled apron, and screened openings that was added circa 1925. (A similar one-by-one bay entrance porch was added to the main facade but that was removed circa 1978.) Projecting from the rear (east) elevation, a two-story, clapboarded shed ell with a metal-sheathed gable roof extends three bays along its south eaves elevation with right entrance.

The house is associated with the related Simonds and Frey families, who have owned it since the 1920s.

68A. Barn; c. 1850: Formerly connected to the house's shed ell, this one and-one-half story, wood-framed barn with metal-sheathed gable roof displays a variety of wall sheathing. The three-bay south eaves front is clapboarded and has a central vertically boarded exterior sliding door. The west gable elevation (with a pass door) differs by its brick-patterned stamped metal while the other elevations are board-and-battened.

68B. Chickenhouse; c. 1910: Sited southeast of the barn is an elongated one story, wood-framed and novelty-sided chickenhouse with an asphalt-shingled shed roof. The south front is illuminated by eight window openings that now lack glazing.

69. Thompson-Minard House (Pleasant Street); 1900.
Exhibiting an eclectically ornamented design unique in the historic district, this one-and-three-quarters story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan rests on a stone foundation. Its gable roof is oriented perpendicular to the street, sheathed with standing-seam metal, and surmounted by a central chimney. Above the clapboarded first story, a slightly flared skirt of octagonal shingles defines the rectangular wood-shingled upper wall surfaces. The extraordinarily varied fenestration includes several six-over-two sash.

A southwest corner projection under the extended main roof slope contains a one-by-one bay recessed corner porch with a pedestaled chamfered post whose capital supports a simple entablature above the screened porch openings. Next to the opening on the south eaves side is a room-height, fifteen-over-fifteen window. A small multi-pane eyebrow window emerges from the roof slope above. To the right of the entrance projection, the three-bay eaves elevation includes a small inter-story window with a balustraded balcony, a middle bay of coupled four-over-one sash, and a right entrance with gabled canopy supported by bisected triangular stick brackets. Above the middle bay, a shed wall dormer is flanked by curved stick brackets supporting the interrupted eaves.

The main (west) gable facade extends two bays to the left of the porch opening, the central being occupied by a large single-light window. Blind triangular panels flank the second-story, six-over-two sash while a four-light horizontal window near the gable peak is flanked by scroll-sawn brackets that support the stepped-out top portion of the gable. The raking eaves carry slotted bargeboards with a pendant at the peak. The five-bay north eaves elevation is arranged symmetrically around a central four-light octagonal window with molded label and paneled spandrels. Six-over-two sash occupy the flanking bays while the three-pane windows light the kneewall. A central shed wall dormer with coupled four-over-one sash matches its counterpart on the south elevation.

Appended to the rear (east) gable elevation, a second-story, shed-roofed porch with dimension posts and balustrade surmounts a one-bay, clapboarded first story. A novelty-sided, shed-roofed carport has been added to the first story.

The house was constructed in 1900 for M. A. Thompson. From the 1920s onward, Mary Elizabeth Minard lived here until her death in 1985.

69A. Shed; c. 1900: Standing east of the house, a one-and-one-half story, two by three bay, wood-framed, gable-roofed shed/garage matches the sheathing treatment of the house with a clapboarded first story, wood-shingled gable, and standing-seam metal roof. The two-bay west gable front is entered by a paneled vertically boarded interior sliding door next to a twelve-light window and below a loft door. A two-and-one-half tier, gable-roofed birdhouse straddles the east ridge end.

70. Long House (Pleasant Street); c. 1850.
A "classic cottage" oriented with its two-bay west gable elevation toward the street, this vernacular Greek Revival house possesses a five-bay south eaves facade with central entrance. The one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation, its asphalt-shingled gable roof surmounted by an interior chimney at each (east and west) ridge end. Supported by capitaled corner boards, a frieze band and molded cornice follow the eaves. The regular fenestration consists of two over-two sash.

The south facade's central entrance is flanked by half-length, four-pane sidelights and enframed by a fluted surround with corner and head blocks. The entrance is sheltered by a one-bay, flat-roofed (with projecting cornice) square porch with capitaled chamfered posts and partial balustrade. The symmetry of the facade has been interrupted on the right by a shed wall dormer with coupled sash and a small projecting greenhouse added to the end-bay window .

A reduced and recessed east wing carries a shed dormer on the north slope of its gable roof. A right entrance on that elevation is sheltered by a one bay, shed-roofed porch with capitaled chamfered posts. The wing links to the west eaves elevation of a two-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) carriage barn oriented as an ell. The barn's vehicle entrance occurs on its south gable elevation. Attached perpendicularly to its east elevation is a one-and-one-half story, gable-roofed shed that extends four bays along its south eaves front. A shed dormer emerges from its roof's south slope.

The house is associated with Arthur and Lena Long, who owned it from l926 until 1967. Arthur Long was an amateur metal sculptor and welder who fabricated the complex latticed metal arbor that stands on the simply landscaped north grounds. Lena O. Long, the sister of Dr. F. L. Osgood (see #53), was a skilled amateur photographer.

71. Frederick Aiken House (Pleasant Street); c. 1850.
This plain one-and-one-half story, four-by-two bay, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan stands with its asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented parallel to the street. The main (west) eaves facade includes three bays of the two-over-two sash common to the house together with an off-center projecting clapboarded, gabled entrance vestibule with multiple windows. A one-story, shed-roofed east wing has a one-bay porch with box posts and clapboarded apron.

Attached to the northeast rear corner as an ell, a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed former shed has been adapted to residential use. The two-bay west gable front includes a right entrance below the loft door and a twelve-light window in the gable. A one-story, two-bay, shed-roofed wing is attached to the rear (east) gable elevation.

The house is associated with Frederick Aiken, its owner during the period circa 1910-1950.

72. Hugh Hatfield House (Hatfield Lane); c. 1900.
Situated by itself a short distance east of Pleasant Street, this vernacular two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. Its asphalt-shingled gable roof carries a central brick chimney. An exterior concrete-block chimney as been recently added to the three-bay main (west) gable facade while an original porch has been removed. The left sidehall entrance is now disused. The window openings are fitted mostly with two-over-two sash below molded lintels. On the three-bay north eaves elevation, coupled one-over-one sash occupy the first-story left bay and a reduced inter-story central window includes a stained-glass border.

Probably predating the main block, the one-and-one-half story east wing extends two bays along its north eaves elevation, shielded by a three-bay, shed-roofed screened porch with square posts, matched-board apron, and lattice skirt.

The house is associated with Hugh Hatfield, a carpenter who purchased the property in 1900 and probably built the main block. The house remained in Hatfield family ownership until 1976.

72A. Carriage Barn; c. 1910: Standing northeast of the house, a one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) former carriage barn was converted to a residence in 1976. The two-bay west gable front includes a recessed left entrance and casement windows. A one-story, shed-roofed north garage wing has an overhead door on its west front.

72B. Chickenhouse; c. 1900: Sited east of the house is an elongated one story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) chickenhouse. The five-bay south eaves front includes a left pass door and four two-over-two sash.

73. LeBel House (Hatfield Lane); c. 1980.
2 stories; wood-framed; vertically boarded; shallow gable roof; recessed porches on southeast, southwest corners. Noncontributing owing to age.

74. Isaac Farr House (Pleasant Street and Hatfield Lane); c. 1813, c. 1840.
Somewhat altered in recent decades, this wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) house combines a circa 1840 vernacular Greek Revival, one-and-one-half story main block and a small one-story north ell that may have been the original circa 1813 house on the site. Oriented perpendicular to the street, the five-by-two bay main block rests on a brick foundation. A frieze band and molded cornice follow the eaves. Both a gabled dormer on the south slope, a shed dormer on the north slope, and a large central chimney were added in 1952. The window openings contain nine-over-six sash of unknown period.

The five-bay main (south) eaves facade possesses a central entrance sheltered by a projecting gabled vestibule with twelve-over-twelve sash that was added in 1982. Formerly a multi-bay porch extended from the entrance to curve around the southwest corner of the main block. The north ell contains an entrance on its north gable elevation while the west eaves elevation is illuminated by a 35-light fixed window installed in 1952. An added shed-roofed screened porch with semielliptical-arched openings shields the east elevation.

The house is associated with Isaac Farr, its owner from circa 1900 until circa 1940.

74A. Shed/garage; c. 1850: Standing northeast of the house next to Hatfield Lane, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) shed has been adapted to a garage with two overhead doors added to its north eaves elevation. Removed circa 1940, a reduced west wing formerly linked to the northeast corner of the house's north ell.

75. Edwin Dillingham House (Pleasant Street); c. 1910.
Retaining its original appearance except for a recently altered rear porch, this Colonial Revival, wood-framed and mostly clapboarded house of irregular plan rests on a cobblestone foundation and rises two-and-one-half stories to an asphalt-shingled, cross-gable roof. A boldly projecting simplified entablature follows the horizontal eaves and continues across the west and south gables, which are wood-shingled above that level. Two interior chimneys surmount the ridge. The varied fenestration consists predominantly of one-over-one sash with molded lintels.

The asymmetrical two-bay main (west) gable facade includes a left-corner sidehall entrance with glazed paneled door. A two-story, three-sided bay window emerges from the right half of the facade, illuminated by a large plate-glass window with transom in each central panel and one-over-one sash on the sides above clapboarded spandrels, and crowned by the eaves entablature. A two-bay porch spans the facade with Tuscan columns, dimension balustrade, wood-shingled skirt, and hip roof that intersects the bay window; a one-bay, pedimented pavilion projects above the steps. The pedimented main gable is lighted by a Palladian window comprising a round-headed central sash with intersecting tracery muntins flanked by shorter one-over-one sash.

The south elevation consists of a one-bay eaves section and, on the right, a two-bay gabled pavilion of shallow one-bay projection. The pavilion's gable matches that of the main facade while the truncated right corner of its first story contains a secondary entrance. The original entrance porch with components like the main porch has been extended outward a second bay beneath a shed roof and screened with lattice on its west side. A one-and-one-half story shed wing is attached to the rear (east) gable elevation.

Edwin Dillingham constructed the house circa 1910 and lived here about thirty years.

75A. Garage; c. 1915: Sited southeast of the house is a one-story, wood framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed garage. Double-leaf, matched-boarded doors with cross-braced later panels enter the west gable front below the pedimented wood shingled gable.

76. William C. Wiley House (Pleasant Street); c. 1855.
Showing an Italianate Revival influence, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house rests on a stone foundation, oriented perpendicular to the street. The asphalt-shingled gable roof has deeply overhanging eaves with thin molded edges that lack gable returns (as well as the brackets characteristic of the style). A shed wall dormer emerges from the north slope while both a central gabled pavilion and right gabled wall dormer interrupt the south slope. Two rear interior chimneys surmount the roof.

A prominent veranda spans the main (west) gable facade in four bays and continues two bays along the south eaves elevation to meet the gabled pavilion. The veranda's square paneled pillars with molded capitals rise from a low deck with lattice skirt to a simplified eaves entablature at the flat roof. The three-bay main facade includes a right sidehall entrance with paneled door flanked by half-length, four-pane sidelights enframed by a shouldered architrave surround. The first-story window openings match the entrance in height and surrounds, being fitted with nine-over-nine sash like those on the Henry Wiley House (#56) across the street. The upper-story windows contain the conventional one-over-one sash common to the house.

The south elevation includes a one-bay (an entrance) eaves section beside the projecting one-and-one-half story, one-bay pavilion. The latter's first story sprouts a three-sided bay window fitted with room-height sash - a nine-over-nine in the central panel and six-over-sixes on the sides - crowned by an entablature like that on the veranda. To the right of the pavilion, a one-bay porch similar to the veranda shelters a rear entrance. A one-story, gable roofed rear (east) wing extends two bays on its recessed south eaves elevation. An open wood deck has been recently added to its rear (east) gable elevation.

The house was constructed for the Wiley family, either George R. or his father, William C., who lived here from 1858 until his death in 1879. George's brothers, William L. and Henry C. Wiley, owned the prominent Greek Revival house (#56) across the street.

76A. Carriage Barn; c. 1855: Standing southeast of the house, this wood framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) barn stands banked against its one-and-one-half story, three-bay west gable front. The carriage entrance occupies the right half below a loft door while a twelve-over-twelve sash lights the gable peak. The other three elevations gain a clapboarded basement story with varied fenestration.

77. Belle Hemingway llouse (Pleasant Street); c. 1840.
Extensively altered from its original vernacular Greek Revival appearance, this one and one half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a stone foundation. A simplified entablature follows the horizontal eaves of the asphalt shingled gable roof oriented parallel to the street. The window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash.

The five-bay main (west) eaves facade has been transformed by the circa 1920 addition of an overscaled one-bay, gabled entrance porch and flanking hipped wall dormers. The porch comprises Tuscan columns, cutout balustrade with ball-capped square newels at the entrance opening, and broad diagonally boarded gable. The central entrance is deeply recessed behind a reveal occupied by two-over-two sash; the paneled door is flanked by four-pane sidelights of three-quarters length. The five-sided wall dormers project outward from the wall plane with a two-over-two sash in the central panel and attenuated one-over-one sash in the diagonal side panels.

The originally two-bay south gable elevation shows an added one-bay, shed-roofed east wing, from which there projects a broad flat-roofed screened porch. The wing rises two stories on its original three-bay north eaves elevation, connected at the northeast rear corner to a two-and-one-half story carriage barn that stands on lower ground. The gable-roofed (with standing seam metal) barn is board-and-battened except on its clapboarded south gable front with an overhead garage door. A one-story, shed-roofed east wing extends two bays (of six-over-six sash) on its south elevation.

The house is associated with Belle Hemingway, who owned it from the 1910s to the 1930s and altered it for use as a nursing home.

78. Mason-Rice House (Rice Road); c. 1840, moved c. 1890, 1981.
Moved circa 1890 from Pleasant Street to clear the site for the Locke House (#79), the original circa 1840, one-story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (now with standing-seam metal) block of this house has been altered in fenestration and enveloped by additions made circa 1920 and in 1981. Presently (1986) being dismantled, a circa 1920, Colonial Revival, three-bay porch dominates the three-bay main (south) eaves facade, comprising tapered box posts (paired at the projecting pedimented left entrance pavilion), dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt. A second-story, novelty sided square tower with four-light windows surmounts the right end of the porch, its wood-shingled pyramidal roof rising to a small finial. Attached to the original block's east gable elevation is a one-story, clapboarded, shed roofed wing.

Attached in 1981 to the original block's west end as an ell, a synthetic sided, gable-roofed block of similar scale now dominates the building. An exterior fireplace chimney marks its west elevation.

The house is associated with both William Mason, who added the Colonial Revival porch, and the Rice family, who added the west ell block. Owing to its extensive alteration and recent enlargement, the house ls considered noncontributing to the character of the historic district.

78A. Shed/garage; c. 1900, 1980: 2 stories; wood-framed; novelty-sided; gable roof; south eaves front includes two open stalls, double-leaf doors, and overhead door. Noncontributing owing to alteration and enlargement.

79. Foster Locke House (Pleasant Street); c. 1894.
The earliest of three hip-roofed cubiform houses in the historic district (the others being #81, second next to the south, and #18 on Grove Street), this two-story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan on a brick foundation has been altered by the application of synthetic siding over the original clapboards and the removal of three porches. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the hip roof with small deck that retains slate shingles; a low shed dormer with two-light horizontal wlndow emerges from both the west and north slopes. A corbeled cap has been removed from the interior chimney. The regular fenestration consists mostly of six-over-six sash (replacing the original two-over-two sash) below molded lintels.

The three-bay main (west) facade includes an off-center entrance rebuilt with slender half-length sidelights, pilasters, and peaked lintel. Coupled slender four-over-four sash occupy the left second-story bay. On the south elevation, a two-story, three-sided bay window emerges from the left bay beneath an extension of the main roof slope, altered by replacement sash and synthetic siding over the original paneled spandrels.

At the northeast rear corner, an original one-and-one-half story projection under the main roof slope has a west entrance. From its northeast corner, a circa 1960, one-story, brick-veneered, flat-roofed wing links to a one-story, synthetic-sided, shallow gable-roofed garage with three overhead doors on the north eaves front.

The house was constructed for Foster Locke, then owner of a Main Street hardware store (#99) who lived here until the 1920s. A Queen Anne, one-by-one bay, gabled porch with bracketed turned posts and balustrade originally sheltered the main entrance, and other porches probably with the same components spanned both the north and east (rear) elevations.

80. Edith Eoster House (Pleasant Street); c. 1850.
This vernacular Greek Revival, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) house on a brick foundation consists of a two-story central block flanked by recessed one-story ells. Capitaled smooth corner pilasters support a frieze band but the thin projecting eaves lack a cornice, suggesting possible reconstruction. A rebuilt chimney straddles the central block's ridge. The window openings contain six-over-six sash below peaked lintels.

The two-bay main (west) gable facade includes a left sidehall entrance with paneled door flanked by four-pane sidelights of three-quarters length. Centered on the second story is a six-over-six sash with full-length, four pane sidelights. A large triangular louver occupies the gable peak.

Overlapping the facade in two bays, a shed-roofed porch with smooth capitaled pillars, cutout balustrade, and lattice skirt turns along the central block's short one-bay north and south eaves elevations to stop at the west eaves elevations of the two-by-two bay north and south ells. Their gables are lighted by triangular windows with diamond panes.

Attached to the rear of the north ell and central block, a two-story, gable-roofed east wing extends two bays along its south eaves elevation with overhead garage doors on the first story.

The house is associated with Edith Foster, who lived here from about 1900 until the 1930s.

81. John Piddock House (Pleasant Street); 1894-95.
Sharing the hip-roofed cubiform appearance of the Locke (#79, second next to the north) and Thompson (#18) Houses in the historic district, this two-story, wood-framed and clapboarded house on a brick foundation retains most nearly its original appearance among the group. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the slate-shingled roof with small deck. A rectangular chimney with corbeled courses surmounts the deck. The partly irregular fenestration consists of one-over-one sash (with four-light storm sash) headed by molded lintels.

The four-bay main (west) facade includes a right-center entrance with molded lintel. A four-bay, flat-roofed porch spans the first story, comprising chamfered posts with scroll-sawn brackets, three-tiered balustrade, and lattice skirt. On the four-bay south elevation, a one-bay, shed-roofed porch with the same components shelters a right-center secondary entrance. At the front (left) end of the second story, added triplet ten-light casement windows share a common surround. A matching set of casements illuminates the rear of the north elevation's first story.

Added circa 1915 to the rear (east) elevation, a reduced and recessed two-story wing carries a slated gable roof. A one-story, one-bay, shed-roofed entrance vestibule projects from its south eaves elevation, flanked by multiple windows that turn the southeast corner.

The house was constructed for John Piddock, its owner until the 1920s.

82. Stearns-Millette House (Main and Pleasant Streets); c. 1837.
Similar to the Warren House (#36) farther west along Main Street, this Federal style, two-and-one-half story, three-by-four-bay, brick house of rectangular plan carries an asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to Main Street. The walls are laid up in six-course American bond. A molded cornice follows the eaves with gable returns. Two clapboarded shed dormers with horizontal glazing interrupt the roof's west slope while one of the same occurs on the east. A high interior chimney rises from the east eaves and two interior chimneys surmount the west slope.

The three-bay main (south) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance within a semielliptical-arched opening. The six-panel door is flanked by four-pane sidelights of three-quarters length but the original fanlight was replaced circa 1930 with diagonal matched boards. Headed by splayed flat-arch lintels, the window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash. The rear (north) gable elevation is shielded by a two-story, three-bay, flat-roofed porch with turned posts, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt that was added circa 1900. A one-bay porch was added to the main entrance about the same time but was removed circa 1950.

Attached to the rear of the east elevation is a one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed ell. Its three-bay south eaves front includes a central entrance and twelve-over-eight windows, sheltered by a porch with box posts and lattice skirt. Attached perpendicularly to the ell's southeast corner, a similar block presents to the street a two-bay south gable front with left entrance (its door bearing four raised panels) next to a six-over-six sash. Added to the two-bay east eaves elevation, a rectangular bay window with central coupled sash and paneled spandrels has been extended northward by an entrance vestibule. A continuous shed dormer has been added to the roof's east slope, and an exterior brick chimney bisects the same elevation. A one-and-one-half story carriage barn formerly extended eastward from the first ell.

The house is associated with Ellen Stearns, who lived here from circa 1900 until the 1930s, and Dan Millette, who has owned it since 1936. The parallel east block has been used historically as a business office and the village telephone exchange.

83. Edward Taft House (Main Street); c. 1840.
Oriented parallel to the street, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, seven-by-two bay, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) house of rectangular plan rests on a rubble foundation. A molded cornice follows only the eaves of the south facade, including a central one-bay cross gable. An interior chimney surmounts the east gable sash. The window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash.

The asymmetrically arranged main (south) eaves facade extends seven bays in length. The off-center entrance contains a six-panel door headed by a splayed lintel board and flanked by half-length, two-pane sidelights. Below cornice level, the entire facade is shielded by a six-bay, shed-roofed, screened porch with square posts and novelty-sided apron that was added circa 1920.

Projecting from the northwest rear corner on a partial westward offset, a one-story, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) ell extends six bays (including two pass doors) on its west eaves elevation. On its partial south gable front, an entrance is sheltered by a one-bay porch with an arched valance and a lattice screen on the south opening. Extending from the main block's east gable elevation is a one-story, gable-roofed wing also with a partly lattice-screened entrance porch on its two-bay south eaves front. A smaller gable-roofed ell projects from its rear elevation. The house is associated with Edward Taft, a local photographer who lived here between the 1890s and 1920s.

84. Ramsey-Buxton House (Main Street); c. 1845.
The Greek Revival temple front with tetrastyle portico and the connected outbuildings give this house marked similarity to the Gale House (#92, diagonally across the street) and the Baker-Coleman House (#67) on Pleasant Street. The one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan with rear ell rests on a brick foundation. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the slate-shingled gable roof, surmounted by an interior chimney. The window openings contain mostly six-over-one sash with architrave surrounds.

The three-bay main (south) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance on the recessed wall plane. An eight-panel door is flanked by four pane sidelights of three-quarters length glazed with stained glass installed in the 1960s, and enframed by a fluted surround with corner and head blocks. The tetrastyle portico is distinguished by Doric fluted columns that rise from a low deck with lattice skirt to support a molded frieze band. The clapboarded gable is lighted by two bays of standard sash. Modern metal railings have been installed at the brick steps. On the four-bay west eaves elevation, an off-center, three-sided bay window retains six-over-one sash on its side panels but a small stained-glass light has been installed in the central panel above the clapboarded spandrels. A rear entrance on this elevation is sheltered by a one-bay, shed-roofed porch with chamfered posts.

The reduced rear east ell carries a shed dormer with coupled sash on the south slope of its slated gable roof. The three-bay south eaves front includes a right entrance with stained-glass sidelights. Extending eastward from the ell, a post-and-beam, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) carriage barn has been adapted to a two-and-one-half story antiques shop with added irregular fenestration. Double-leaf, vertically boarded doors enter the south eaves front beneath a shallow gabled canopy. Projecting from the northeast rear corner is a one-story, board-and-battened, gable-roofed shed ell.

The house is associated with both John and Emily Ramsey, who owned it from 1872 until 1905, and George and Ruth Buxton, its owner from the 1920s until 1961.

85. Whitcomb House (Main Street); c. 1830.
Severely altered circa 1980, this one-and-one-half story, three-by-two bay, wood-framed, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) house of rectangular plan has been sheathed with synthetic siding over the original clapboards. The main (south) eaves facade has been reworked from five to three bays with an off-center entrance and a large modern bow window on the left. The other fenestration has been altered with reduced openings in place of the previous two-over-two sash. A three-bay, gable-roofed porch with dimension posts and balustrade shelters the entrance, replacing a one-bay, flat-roofed porch with chamfered posts.

A one-story, one-by-one bay, gable-roofed wing extends from the northwest rear corner of the main block. This wing formerly linked to a one-and-one half story carriage barn that extended westward along the line of the wing's south eaves elevation.

The house is associated with the Whitcomb family, who lived here during the first half of this century. Recently the house has been altered to the extent of losing its historic character, and therefore is considered noncontributing to the character of the historic district.

85A. Garage; c. 1970: 1 story; wood-framed; plywood sheathing; gable roof; two overhead doors on west gable front. Non-contributing owing to age.

86. Hubbard House (Main Street); c. 1840.
Distinguished by a projecting tetrastyle portico, the original block of this Greek Revival, one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan with an asphalt-shingled gable roof presents to the street a five-bay main (south) eaves facade with central entrance. An originally one-story recessed east wing has been enlarged and extended forward by means of a similar porch so that it now constitutes a two-bay extension of the same scale and roof slope. A gabled dormer is centered on the south slope of the overall roof, and an off-center rectangular chimney surmounts the ridge. A molded cornice follows the eaves. The window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash and headed by peaked lintels.

The main entrance on the south facade is flanked by full-length, three-pane sidelights and crowned by a peaked lintel. The tetrastyle portico projects one shallow bay beneath a flat roof supported by widely spaced fluted square pillars; an entablature with triglyphs enriches the eaves. A similar entablature continues along the main eaves of the east extension above a one-by-one bay recessed corner porch with matching pillar and screened openings that was added circa 1920. The east end of the porch partly shields a five-sided bay window that sprouted circa 1900 from the southeast corner of the east wing; the bay window comprises five two-over-two sash, clapboarded spandrels, and molded cornice.

The three-bay east gable elevation has been given a second story beneath the raised north slope of the roof, and that flat roofline intersects the south gable of the two-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) carriage barn attached on a three-quarters eastward offset. Within a semielliptical-arched opening, the central carriage entrance consists of double-leaf, vertically boarded doors. A loft door surmounts the carriage entrance, and two six-over-six sash light the gable. The barn descends eastward on the sloping ground beneath an extension of its east roof slope

The house was acquired in the 1860s by L. C. Hubbard, who operated a wool pullery (demolished by 1885) on Maple Street and later the gristmill (#155) on Westminster Street. The Hubbard family retained ownership of the house until the 1970s.

86A. Shed; c. 1950: 1 story; wood-framed; vertically boarded; shed roof; pass door on west front. Noncontributing owing to age.

87. Storefront: 1952.
1 story plus partly exposed basement; concrete block; flat roof (gable roof being added in 1986); continuous plate-glass display windows on south facade; glass-block panels flanking truncated southwest corner entrance; 1-story, wood-framed and clapboarded, shed-roofed north wing. Built for Bernard Clark as plumbing and appliance shop. Noncontributing owing to age.

87A. Shed; c. 1952: 1 story; wood-framed; clapboarded; shed roof; sliding door, open bays on east front. Noncontributing owing to age.

88. Puffer Tenement (Oak Street); c. 1900.
Oriented perpendicular to the street, this vernacular two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded tenement of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation and carries a slate-shingled gable roof. A two-story, three bay recessed porch with bracketed chamfered posts spans the main (east) gable facade; the porch's first story has a wood-shingled apron with central entrance opening while the second story differs by its turned balustrade. The recessed four-bay wall plane includes a right-center main entrance and window openings fitted with the two-over-two sash common to the house. The south eaves elevation extends four bays in length, its fenestration being symmetrically arranged.

The tenement is associated with Winchester Puffer, its original owner.

88A. Barn ; c. 1905: Standing west of the tenement, this one-and-one-half story wood-framed barn is sheathed mostly with asphalt paper although its gable roof is shingled with slate. The three-bay south eaves front includes two carriage entrances now lacking their sliding doors while a loft door remains above. The window openings contain two-over-two sash.

88B. Barn ; c. 1925: Sited west of the first barn is a one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and vertically boarded barn with a wood-shingled gable roof. Double exterior sliding doors enter its north eaves elevation.

89. Jacobs-Moore House (Oak Street); c. 1909.
Showing the pedimented gable treatment of contemporary Colonial Revival houses in the village together with a Queen Anne porch, this vernacular two and-one-half story, wood-framed and mostly clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. A molded cornice follows the boldly projecting eaves of the slate-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street. A two-bay (of reduced one-over-one sash), wood-shingled shed dormer emerges at the front (south) end of the east slope. An interior chimney surmounts the rear end of the main block's ridge.

The three-bay main (south) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance headed by a molded lintel. The window openings contain one-over-one sash also with molded lintels. The two-bay, hip-roofed poprch spans the facade with turned posts, spindle valance, dimension balustrade (with ball-capped newels at the entrance opening), and lattice skirt. The horizontal cornice return forms a gable pediment sheathed with wood shingles and lighted by a full-size, one-over-one sash. On the two-bay west eaves elevation, a three sided bay window with one-over-one sash, clapboarded spandrels, and projecting cornice emerges from the left bay. The opposite (east) elevation is marked by two small stairwell windows with stained-glass borders.

A rear (north) wing of similar appearance includes an entrance on its two-bay recessed west elevation. A one-story, shed-roofed wing extends one bay from the north gable elevation.

The house is associated with both John Jacobs, its owner between circa 1910 and 1942, and Raymond and Ruth Moore, who have lived here since then.

89A. Shed; c. 1910: Standing northeast of the house, a one-story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) shed is entered by a paneled door on its west gable front. Three bays of two-over-two sash light the south eaves elevation while a shed-roofed wing is appended to the north elevation.

89B. Chickenhouse; c. 1910: Sited northwest of the house is a one-story, wood-framed and clapboarded, shed-roofed chickenhouse. Four bays of two-pane sash light its south front.

89C. Garage; c. 1945: 1 story; wood-framed; novelty siding; gable roof; two canted-corner stalls with double-leaf, vertically boarded doors on south gable front. Noncontributing owing solely to age.

90. Willis House (Oak Street); c. 1910.
This vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and mostly clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation, its asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented parallel to the street. A two-bay shed wall dormer with wood-shingled side walls interrupts the roof's south slope while a one-bay counterpart on the north has a small window with stained-glass lights. The three-bay main (west) gable facade includes a left entrance sheltered by a small one-bay, gabled porch with chamfered posts. The window openings are fitted with the six-over-one sash common to the house. Above the second-story window lintels, the gable is sheathed with wood shingles. The south eaves elevation is marked by two groups of triplet sash below the wall dormer's two bays of coupled sash.

A one-story, partly clapboarded, shed-roofed east wing has been altered on its two-bay, vertically boarded east elevation, with sliding-glass doors opening onto a modern open wood deck.

The house is associated with the Willis family, who owned it from the 1920s until circa 1950.

90A. Garage; c. 1920: Standing east of the house, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) garage has been severely altered by the complete removal of its west gable front. The south eaves elevation is lighted by four bays of two-over-two sash.

91. Osgood Tenement (Oak Street); c. 1920.
Considerably altered during a 1981-82 rehabilitation, this vernacular wood-framed and mostly clapboarded building of rectangular plan rises three and one-half stories although banked against the west facade such that only two and one-half stories appear above street level. The asphalt-shingled gable roof carries on the west slope a shed wall dormer with wood-shingled sides; its original front windows have been replaced by blind clapboard sheathing. The north and south gable peaks are also wood-shingled. The window openings are fitted with four-over-two and two-over-two sash.

Projecting from the center of the four-bay main (west) eaves facade, a one-story, clapboarded, gabled pavilion contains entrances on its north and south sides, the gable front being blank. On both the two-bay north and south gable elevations, a two-story, mostly clapboarded, shed-roofed wing projects only one bay (a west entrance) and appears to have formerly included a porch on the upper (street) level, now enclosed with plywood. An exterior steel fire escape ascends from each wing's roof to a gable window.

The tenement is associated with Dr. F. L. Osgood, its original owner.

92. Chauncey Gale House (Main Street); c. 1845.
Markedly similar to the Ramsey-Buxton (#84, diagonally across the street) and Baker-Coleman (#67) Houses, this house possesses a Greek Revival temple front with tetrastyle portico as well as connected outbuildings. The one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded main block of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. Capitaled corner boards support a narrow frieze band below the molded cornice that follows the eaves of the slate-shingled gable roof. The regular fenestration consists of two-over-two sash.

The main (north) gable facade includes on the three-bay recessed wall plane a left sidehall entrance flanked by four-pane sidelights of three-quarters length. The tetrastyle portico is supported by paneled square pillars with molded capitals carrying a molded frieze band. The clapboarded gable is lighted by two bays of standard sash. Beyond the portico opening, the west eaves elevation extends four bays in length.

The recessed east ell maintains the same eaves line but carries a lower slated gable roof. The ell projects six bays (including an off-center, four-panel door) along its north eaves elevation, linking to a carriage barn oriented as an east ell with a slated gable roof. Flush with the house's ell, the barn's clapboarded north gable front includes a carriage opening on the left with loft door above and, on the right, an exterior vertically boarded sliding door; a twelve-over-eight sash lights the gable. The east eaves elevation gains an exposed basement and is sheathed with boards-and-battens and wood shingles.

The house is associated with Chauncey Gale, its owner between circa 1900 and the 1930s.

93. Cushman's Restaurant (Main Street); 1968.
1 story; wood-framed; plywood sheathing; gable roof; hinged windows; gabled entrance vestibule on north eaves front. Built for Edmund Cushman. Noncontributing owing to age.

94. Tin Shop or Saxwin Building (Main and Maple Streets); c. 1850.
Displaying Greek Revival stylistic features, this large two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded former industrial building of rectangular plan rests on a high brick foundation that becomes a fully exposed basement on the east and west gable elevations and a clapboarded ground story on the south eaves elevation. Paneled corner pilasters with molded capitals support a frieze band and molded cornice that follow the eaves of the gable roof now sheathed with standing-seam metal. One interior chimney straddles the ridge. The regular fenestration consists of six-over-six sash.

The Main Street (north) eaves facade stretches twelve bays in length. An added shed-roofed loading dock with chamfered posts extends along the right two-thirds of the facade, sheltering four irregularly spaced entrances. The various paneled doors include a double-leaf (each of three panels) set in the seventh bay from the right and a six-panel single leaf in the second bay, both enframed by paneled pilasters and simple entablature. At the right end, a three-sided, plate-glass display window was added circa 1950 beneath the roof of the loading dock.

On the four-bay west gable elevation, the diagonally exposed basement is lighted by two bays of six-light sash on the left and two of full-size six-over-sixes on the right. The Maple Street (south) elevation includes an off-center vehicle entrance (with overhead metal door) on the basement story and a four-panel, diagonally boarded pass door at the left end.

The building was used during the nineteenth century for a tinware business owned initially by Henry C. Wiley and R. E. Smith in 1863 and continuing through several different partnerships involving Wiley and others. Starks Edson acquired it in 1900 and manufactured "Albamural" paint here for about fifteen years. The name "Saxwin Building" derives from the partnership of Humphrey Neill during the period 1945-1973. Subsequently it has been occupied by an antiques shop.

95. Benjamin Williams House (Main Street); c. 1920.
This vernacular, one-and-one-half story, wood-framed house is sheathed entirely with asbestos shingles while its gable roof is asphalt-shingled around the continuous shed dormers (with standing-seam metal) that raise both the north and south slopes. The dormers are lighted by two bays of coupled four-over-one sash that are common to the house. A high interior chimney surmounts the ridge.

An enclosed hip-roofed porch conceals the main (north) eaves facade, its multiple windows flanking a right-center entrance. Hip-roofed porches also partly shield the east and west gable elevations, the east porch being screened while the west is fully enclosed. Attached to the southeast rear corner, a one-story, one-stall, gable-roofed garage wing has an overhead door on its north eaves front.

The house is associated with Benjamin Williams, its original owner who lived here until the 1940s.

95A. Shed; c. 1950: 1 story; wood-framed; asbestos-shingled; shed roof. Noncontributing owing to age.

96. St. Edmund of Canterbury Church (Main Street); 1952.
1 story; wood-framed; vertical-board sheathing; gable roof with rectangular "bell cote" near north ridge end; north gable facade enclosed entirely with rectangular lights of colored glass around central entrance; slender stained-glass windows on east, west eaves elevations; 1-story, gable-roofed southwest rear ell. Noncontributing owing to age.

97. Baptist Church (Main Street); 1840.
Erected only four years later than the Congregational Church (#1) at the head of the street, the Baptist Church shows essential similarity but a more fully detailed expression of Greek Revival style. The two-story, wood-framed building of rectangular plan has been sheathed with synthetic siding over the original clapboards although its stylistic features remain visible. Above the stone foundation, fluted corner pilasters with capitals rise from high rusticated wood bases to support the heavy plain entablature that encircles the building at the horizontal eaves level. The gable roof retains grey slate shingles.

The three-bay main (north) gable facade presents to the street a central entrance now fitted with modern double-leaf, checkerboard-lighted (with bullseye glass) doors enframed by a molded surround and denticulated cornice. Directly above the entrance is a rectangular stained-glass window with footed architrave surround and peaked cornice. Each side bay is occupied by a stained-glass window above a paneled spandrel and a smaller ground-story window with etched glass surrounded by a stained-glass border, all within an architrave surround headed by a molded cornice. The pedimented gable is articulated by vertical boards (nearly aligned with the corner boards of the tower's base stage) that flank a triangular louver with molded surround on the synthetic-sided tympanum.

Recessed slightly from the gable peak, the tower ascends from a short square base astride the ridge. The taller next stage of reduced plan is also synthetic-sided and its smooth corner pilasters carry a crowning entablature. The belfry occupies the next, reduced octagonal stage with round-headed louvers, slender pilasters, and crowning entablature. A two-tier reduction follows to the synthetic-sided octagonal spire that tapers upward to a copper cap without weathervane.

The three-bay east and west eaves elevations are lighted on the main story by coupled slender stained-glass windows headed by molded cornices. The ground-story windows consist of coupled sash with etched glass and stained glass borders. The rear (south) gable is marked by three bays of (original) twelve-over-twelve sash and a louvered opening.

Added circa 1890 to the rear gable elevation, a two-story, hip-roofed (slated) wing extends two bays on its east elevation, including a left entrance and second-story, four-over-four sash with stained-glass borders. Attached in 1962 to this wing's south elevation, a one-and-one-half story (plus exposed stuccoed basement), synthetic-sided, gable-roofed south wing extends six bays along its east eaves elevation, including two entrances (sheltered by a shed-roofed porch) and coupled six-over-one sash. The modern wing displaced the one-story horse shed with open west front that formerly projected southward from the rear of the church.

98. Hastings' Store (Main Street); c. 1840.
Oriented perpendicular to the street, this vernacular Greek Revival, two and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded building of rectangular plan rests on a stone foundation. Capitaled corner boards support a molded cornice that follows the eaves of the gable roof, now sheathed with corrugated metal. One interior chimney surmounts the ridge. Headed by molded lintels, the window openings contain two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (north) gable facade is dominated by a storefront with projecting plate-glass display windows flanking a central entrance at the wall plane; the entrance consists of double-leaf glazed paneled doors and two light transom. A flat-roofed canopy spans the storefront, projecting beyond the display windows and supported by triangular chamfered brackets. The east eaves elevation extends five bays in length, its first story sheltered by a shed-roofed porch with lateral-braced square posts but lacking a deck. A south wing of the same scale continues two bays along its flush east elevation with an extension of the deck-less porch.

Only the front half of the main block's west elevation is exposed, and an exterior wood stair ascends to a second-story landing, the whole sheltered by a shed canopy supported by triangular brackets. Linking the west elevation of this building to the east elevation of the adjacent Fuller Hardware Store (#99) is a one-and-one-half story, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) ell. Its two-bay, flush-boarded north eaves elevation is entered by a sliding shed door. Originally this link consisted solely of the gable roof that sheltered a passageway between the buildings.

This building has been used for several different purposes, the longest term being a grocery store (operated by the Hastings family during the 1920s and 1930s).

99. Fuller Hardware Store (Main Street); c. 1830.
A somewhat larger-scaled counterpart of the adjacent storefront (#98), this vernacular two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded commercial building of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the gable roof, now sheathed with corrugated metal. A small now-blind gabled dormer emerges from the east slope.

The five-bay main (north) gable facade incorporates a projecting storefront surmounted by an enclosed second story added circa 1910. (The second-story projection replaced the original three-bay wall plane below the gable pediment.) The storefront comprises three-sided, plate-glass display windows with transoms and paneled spandrels flanking two (right-center and left-center) recessed entrances with glazed paneled doors. The clapboarded second story is lighted by five two-over-one sash while two six-over-sixes mark the gable. The west eaves elevation extends seven bays in length, the first-story windows being two-over-ones while the second story retains six-over-sixes. A now-disused entrance occupies the fifth bay from the front, its narrow double-leaf doors marked by large three-light glazing. The rear (south) gable elevation gains a clapboarded basement story with double-leaf central entrance.

E. R. Osgood, who lived in the adjacent house to the west (#100), operated a carriage shop and "repository" here from the 1860s until the late 1880s. The building has been used as a hardware store since circa 1890, then owned by Foster Locke. Fay Fuller and partner acquired the business in 1905, and Fuller continued with different partners until his death in 1944. The village post office occupied the right part of the building from pre-1856 until circa 1945.

100. Osgood-Colvin House (Main Street); c. 1820, c. 1850.
Conspicuously similar to the Henry Wiley House (#56) on Pleasant Street, this high-style Greek Revival house possesses a two-story tetrastyle portico distinguished by octagonal columns. The two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a granite slab foundation. Molded paneled corner pilasters support the molded cornice with double tiers of stylized modillions that follows the eaves of the slate-shingled gable roof. Two interior chimneys retain corbeled caps with sawtooth courses. The regular fenestration consists predominantly of two-over-two sash with architrave surrounds.

The five-bay main (north) gable facade is arranged symmetrically around a central entrance on each story of the recessed wall plane. The additionally recessed main entrance consists of a single door with six molded octagonal panels flanked by three-pane sidelights of three-quarters length behind a molded paneled reveal, the whole enframed by a heavy molded surround. The second-story entrance has double-leaf doors, each with two large lights above a molded panel. The windows on both the first and second stories are room height (opening from the floor) two-over-four sash. Approached by low granite steps, the tetrastyle portico comprises molded paneled octagonal columns, an inter-story cornice molding, an elaborate iron balustrade on the second-story deck, and a stylized modillion cornice above the second story. The clapboarded pediment is lighted by two bays of two-over-two sash with molded peaked lintels while an oculus with radiating muntins and molded surround punctuates the gable peak.

The west eaves elevation extends six bays in length. An off-center entrance with a six-panel door and four-pane sidelights is sheltered by a one-bay, flat-roofed porch with slotted posts and scrolled brackets. The east elevation includes a rear entrance with four-panel door sheltered by a two-bay, shed-roofed porch with turned posts and pipe railing.

Predating the main block, a smaller-scaled, two-story, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) south wing is offset eastward to expose a two-bay, north half-gable front. A right entrance with six-panel door opens onto the main block's east porch. The wing's east eaves elevation shows a division between the four-bay north half (with two-over-two sash) and the two-bay south half (with six-over-six sash). An exterior sliding door of beaded matched boards enters the south half. A substantial one-and-one-half story carriage barn was formerly (pre-1928) attached as an ell to the wing's southeast rear corner.

The house was either constructed originally or rebuilt in its present high-style appearance for Elliot R. Osgood, a carriage manufacturer and merchant who owned it until 1875. Matching the second-story balustrade, an elaborate iron fence along the front grounds was removed circa 1980. John A. Farnsworth owned this house between 1875 and 1890, and an identical fence formerly protected the front grounds of his nearby Main Street residence (#52). The longest-term ownership of the house was that of (Mrs.) Deborah Cory Colvin from 1922 until 1975.

101. Hugh Morrison House (Main Street); c. 1830.
Oriented parallel to the street, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) house of Cape Cod type rests on a brick foundation. The five-bay main (north) eaves facade is arranged symmetrically around a central entrance with vertically paneled (three-over-three) door and full-length, five-pane sidelights. Added circa 1915 to shelter the entrance, a Colonial Revival, one-bay, gable-roofed porch comprises slender ringed columns, wood-shingled apron, and triangular-paneled pediment. The window openings are fitted with two-over-one sash. A central shed dormer with coupled sash interrupts the north slope of the roof.

The west gable elevation is marked on the right by a three-sided bay window with one-over-one sash and clapboarded spandrels. An exterior fireplace chimney has been added at the center. Following the plane of the three-bay east gable elevation, a one-story, shed-roofed ell extends one bay southward. Prior to circa 1915, a one-and-one-half story ell projected southtward from the house's southwest corner, encrusted with its own one-story wings.

The house is associated with Hugh Morrison, its owner during the second quarter of this century.

102. Warren Hall House (Main Street); c. 1850.
Similar to the Morrison House (#101) next to the east, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) house of rectangular plan also possesses a similar Colonial Revival entrance porch. The symmetrical five-bay main (north) eaves facade includes a central entrance with paneled door sheltered by a circa 1915, one bay porch with slender ringed columns, wood-shingled (including some fishscale courses) apron, and triangular-paneled pediment. The window openings retain six-over-six sash.

The three-bay east gable elevation is interrupted by a modern exterior concrete-block chimney. Flush with the wall plane, a reduced gable-roofed ell extends two bays along its east eaves elevation with a left entrance. A small one-and-one-half story carriage barn was formerly attached to its rear (south) elevation on an eastward offset.

The house is associated with Warren Hall, who owned it during the 1920s and 1930s.

103. Benjamin Frost House (Main and River Streets); c. 1835.
Somewhat altered by a 1981-82 rehabilitation, this transitional Federal Greek Revival, one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan stands oriented perpendicular to Main Street. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the asphalt-shingled gable roof. A gabled dormer with coupled six-over-six sash emerges from the east slope while two smaller gabled counterparts punctuate the west slope. The somewhat varied fenestration consists mostly of one-over-one and two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (north) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance flanked by four-pane sidelights of three-quarters length and enframed by a paneled surround with bullseye corner and head blocks; the ensemble is crowned by a round-arched louvered fan. The three-bay west eaves elevation is marked by a three-sided bay window with a two-over-two sash in the central panel and one-over-ones on the sides, paneled spandrels, and a projecting cornice. To the right is a Queen Anne window with stained-glass border.

Projecting eastward from the rear of the east elevation is a one-and-one half story (enlarged from one story) two-by-two bay ell with an irregular roof. The ell conceals most of the north gable elevation of a one-and-one half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed former carriage shed now adapted to residential use. A shed dormer with coupled sash has been added to its three bay east eaves elevation, and a left entrance added on the south gable elevation.

The house is associated with Benjamin Frost, probably the original owner and a local manufacturer of boots and shoes who lived here until the 1870s. Added circa 1890 to span the north facade, a Queen Anne, three-bay, shed roofed porch with turned posts, spindle valance, and two-tier balustrade was removed in 1981.

104. House (River Street); c. 1860.
Its present appearance being the result of a 1981-82 rehabilitation, this vernacular one-and-one-half story (plus exposed basement), wood-framed house of rectangular plan is sheathed with clapboards and novelty siding. Capitaled corner boards support a molded cornice that follows the eaves of the asphalt shingled gable roof (complemented by a frieze band on the west elevation). A gabled dormer emerges from the west slope and a shed dormer from the east slope. The irregular fenestration includes some four-over-one sash on the main story along with two-over-ones and modern one-over-ones elsewhere.

A central one-bay, clapboarded, gabled entrance vestibule projects from the three-bay main (north) gable facade, replacing a porch that formerly spanned the facade and continued half-way along the five-bay east eaves elevation. A basement story is exposed beneath the southern two-thirds of the house, and a central one-bay, shed-roofed entrance vestibule has been added to the south gable elevation at that level.

105. Frost Tenement (River Street); c. 1860.
The 1981-82 rehabilitation of this vernacular two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) tenement of rectangular plan yielded a substantial alteration of its exterior appearance. The windows were replaced with reduced one-over-one sash excepting a two-over-two in the west gable. A molded cornice follows the eaves except on the closely cropped east gable. Reworked from an original four-bay arrangement, the asymmetrical five-bay main (south) eaves facade includes an off-center entrance with modern door. A two-story porch has been removed from the two-bay west gable elevation. A one-story, shed-roofed wing is attached to the rear (north) elevation.

The tenement was constructed probably for Benjamin Frost (see #103). The building has been altered to the extent that it has lost its historic character, and therefore is considered noncontributing to the character of the historic district.

106. Arthur Smith House (River Street); c. 1933.
The only example of vernacular Dutch Colonial Revival style in the historic district is a one-and-three-quarters story, wood-framed and wood-shingled cottage of rectangular plan resting on a brick foundation. Oriented parallel to the street, its distinctive asphalt-shingled gambrel roof displays flared eaves with exposed rafter tails and carries twin gabled dormers with reduced sash on its south slope. An off-center chimney with corbeled cap surmounts the ridge.

The symmetrical five-bay main (south) eaves facade includes a central entrance with simple capitaled pilasters sheltered by a small one-bay, gabled porch with capitaled square tapered pillars, round-arched ceiling, and lattice screens in the side openings. The regular fenestration consists of two-over-two sash. Spanning the three-bay east gable elevation, a three-bay, shed-roofed porch comprises square tapered pillars standing on a wood-shingled apron; the left two bays are screened while the right bay has been enclosed.

Construction of the house was undertaken by Conrad Farnsworth but completed for the next owner, the Fuller Hardware Co. Arthur Smith has owned the house since the 1960s.

107. Riley Tower House (River Street); c. 1850.
Possibly moved (pre-1885) from an original site on Hartley Hill south of the village, this plain one-and-one-half story, three-by-two bay, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. Thee gable roof is oriented parallel to the street, and is sheathed with stamped metal of crow's-foot pattern. A center chimney surmounts the ridge.

A central one-bay, clapboarded, gabled entrance vestibule is appended to the three-bay main (south) eaves facade. Above the glazed paneled door, the vestibule's gable and roof share the patterned stamped-metal sheathing of the main roof. The window openings are fitted with six-over-six sash. Attached to the east gable elevation is a reduced and recessed wing of similar appearance. A screened, shed-roofed entrance porch occupies the corner between the main block and wing, its apron also sheathed with the same stamped metal. Extending from the wing's east gable end, a one-story, clapboarded, gable-roofed garage wing is entered by double-leaf, vertically boarded doors on its east gable elevation.

The house is associated with Riley Tower, who owned it during the first quarter of this century.

108. House (off River Street); c. 1890.
Converted circa 1920 from a one-story carpentry shop, this modest one-and-one-half story, two-by-three bay, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable roofed (with sheet metal) house of rectangular plan stands beside the alley connecting River and Main Streets. The two-bay main (east) gable facade includes a right entrance sheltered by a three-bay, shed-roofed porch with square posts. The windows consist mostly of six-over-six sash. A two-story, hip-roofed rear (west) wing is marked by a two-bay, hip-roofed porch on its recessed south elevation.

108A. Garage; c. 1930.
Sited north of the house is a one-story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) garage that now lacks a door on its one-bay east gable front.

109. House (River Street); c. 1900.
A Queen Anne porch decorates the gable front of this vernacular one-and-one-half story, three-by-three bay, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with sheet metal) house of rectangular plan resting on a brick foundation. The three-bay main (south) facade includes a left entrance and window openings containing the two-over-two sash common to the house (except the nearly blind west eaves elevation). A modern exterior brick chimney has been added to the center of the facade while a central interior chimney surmounts the ridge. The three-bay, hip-roofed porch comprises turned posts with scroll-sawn brackets, vertically boarded apron, and lattice skirt. Attached to the rear (north) gable elevation is a reduced and recessed wing that extends only one bay (an entrance on both the east and west eaves elevations) in length.

110. Fred Frappeia House (River Street); c. 1860.
Oriented parallel to the street, this vernacular two-and-one-half story, eight-by-two bay, wood-framed, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) duplex house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation and is sheathed with asbestos shingles over the original clapboards. Two interior chimneys surmount the ridge. The eight-bay main (south) eaves facade is arranged symmetrically around twin central entrances. The window openings are fitted with six-over-six sash. Projecting from the center of the rear (north) elevation, a one-and-one-half story, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) ell possesses a shed-roofed entrance porch with square posts and railings on both its two-bay east and west eaves elevations.

The house is associated with Fred Frappeia, its owner since the 1960s.

110A. Carriage Barn; c. 1890: Standing north of the house, this two-and-one-half story, four-by-one bay, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) carriage barn is also subdivided in a duplex manner. Twin interior vertically boarded sliding doors enter the end bays of the four-bay south eaves front below separate loft doors. The window openings contain six-over-six sash.

110B. Screenhouse; c. 1960: 1 story; wood-framed; clapboarded; screened sliding windows; shed roof. Noncontributing owing to age.

111. Hastings House (River Street); c. 1870.
Dominated by a wraparound porch, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, two-by-three bay, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan stands with its asphalt-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street. An off-center chimney surmounts the east slope. me windows consist mostly of two-over-two sash. Added circa 1920, the multi-bay, partly clapboarded, shed roofed porch spans the two-bay main (southeast) gable facade and curves around the northeast eaves elevation. Coupled sash occupy both the enclosed south and north end bays while the intermediate bays are mostly screened; the entrance occurs next to the curved east corner.

The house is associated with the Hastings family, who owned it during the 1920s and 1930s.

111A. Garage; c. 1950: 1 story; wood-framed; vertical-board sheathing; shallow gable roof; double-leaf doors on southeast front. Noncontributing owing to age.

112. Wayland Adams House (Maple Street); c. 1840.
Oriented parallel to the street, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan carries a slate-shingled gable roof with projecting eaves and a high central chimney. The irregular fenestration consists of one-over-one sash. Added circa 1920 to the center of the four-bay main (southwest) eaves facade, a two-bay, shed-roofed pavilion comprises both a left porch with paneled square posts and a clapboarded right section with coupled sash. Spanning the two-bay northwest gable elevation is a shed-roofed enclosed porch with multiple coupled windows.

Projecting from the east rear corner as an ell on a southeast offset, a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded carriage barn carries a slated gable roof. An overhead garage door has been installed on the southwest gable front below a loft door. Two bays of six-pane windows light the southeast eaves elevation.

The house is associated with Wayland Adams, its owner during the second quarter of this century.

113. Milliken-Packard House (River Street); c. 1850.
Marked by an asphalt-shingled, cross-gable roof, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. Two chimneys surmount the ridge, the northwest chimney retaining its corbeled cap. A molded cornice follows the eaves. The fenestration consists mostly of twelve-over-twelve sash.

The five-bay main (southwest) eaves facade incorporates a central cross gable lighted by coupled one-over-one sash. Directly below, a Queen Anne, one-by-one bay, screened porch with turned posts, scroll-sawn brackets, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt carries a shallow-pitched gable roof with molded cornice; the porch shelters the sidelighted central entrance. The four-bay southeast gable elevation includes an off-center entrance with six-panel door surmounted by a transom.

Attached to the east rear corner on a southeast offset, a reduced ell with asphalt-papered gable roof includes an entrance with four-panel door on the one-bay, clapboarded, southwest half-gable front. Sheathed with asphalt paper, the three-bay southeast eaves elevation includes an off-center entrance and two-over-two sash.

The house is associated with both the Milliken family, who owned it between the 1850s and circa 1940, and Alice Packard, who has lived here since 1946.

113A. Garage; c. 1946: 1 story; 2 x 1 bays; wood-framed; asphalt textured sheathing; hip roof; 2 rigid overhead doors on southwest front; 6/6 sash. Noncontributing owing to age.

113B. Shed; c. 1946: 1 story; 1 x 1 bays; wood-framed; asphalt textured sheathing; shed roof; sliding door on southeast front. Noncontributing owing to age.

114. Dr. Edward Pettengill House (Maple Street); c. 1840.
The substantially altered appearance of this vernacular Greek Revival, gable-front house dates from a circa 1953 renovation. The one-and-one-half story, wood-framed, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) house of rectangular plan is sheathed with synthetic siding that conceals both the original clapboards and trim. A shed dormer interrupts the northwest slope of the roof, and a central chimney rises from the ridge. The window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (southwest) gable facade retains a right sidehall entrance with its original stylistic features, including a slightly recessed six-panel door flanked by four-pane sidelights of three-quarters length and enframed by a paneled surround with corner and head blocks below a peaked molded lintel. A porch spanned the facade until the 1953 alteration. On the rear half of both the southeast and northwest eaves elevations, rectangular bay windows with paired two-over-two sash in the central panel and one-over-ones on the sides have also been sheathed with synthetic siding.

Projecting from the east corner next to the bay window, a three-by-one bay porch with square posts, dimension balustrade, and shallow gable roof was added circa 1953. The porch shelters the southeast elevation of a one-story, shed-roofed wing attached to the main block's rear gable elevation. Prior to 1953, a one-and-one-half story rear ell projected southeastward; the ell incorporated both Dr. Pettengill's office and a carriage shed.

The house is associated with Dr. Edward Pettengill, who lived and practiced medicine here between circa 1870 and his death in 1900.

114A. Garage; c. 1953: 1 story; wood-framed; synthetic siding; gable roof; overhead door on southwest gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.

115. Theophilus Hoit House (Maple Street); c. 1835.
The only Federal style, brick I-house in the historic district rises two and-one-half stories from a brick foundation to a gable roof sheathed with stamped metal of crow's-foot pattern. The walls are laid up in six-course American bond. A molded cornice follows both the horizontal and raking eaves with partial returns. The fenestration consists mostly of six-over-six sash (those on the second story being slightly reduced in size) headed by splayed flat-arched lintels.

The five-bay main (southwest) facade is arranged symmetrically around a central entrance now concealed by a one-bay gabled vestibule. Enclosed with louvered panels, the vestibule has paneled corner pilasters carrying a horizontal entablature. The one-bay northwest and southeast gable elevations include a six-light window at the gable peak.

Projecting from the rear (northeast) elevation flush with the southeast gable end, a one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded ell extends three bays along its southeast eaves elevation. A transomed left entrance is sheltered by a one-bay, shed-roofed, square porch with turned posts and modern metal balustrade. Above the porch roof, an added shed dormer interrupts the the gable roof also sheathed with stamped metal of crow's-foot pattern.

Attached to the ell's rear (northeast) gable elevation on a partial northwest offset is a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed (with stamped metal) carriage shed. Double sliding doors within an arched surround enter the southeast eaves front below kneewall windows. A somewhat larger one-and-one-half story carriage barn was formerly attached as an ell to the rear (northeast) gable elevation.

The house is associated with Theophilus Hoit, a prominent local industrialist who lived here from the 1840s until his death in 1908. Hoit was a partner in the firm that constructed the nearby woolen mill (see #120) in 1847, and he remained a principal owner until 1866 when John F. Alexander purchased his interest.

115A. Garage; c. 1890: Standing east of the house, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded former shed shares the stamped metal of crow's-foot pattern on its gable roof. Double-leaf, vertically boarded doors enter its southwest gable front, and a six-light diamond window punctuates its gable peak.

116. Moultrop House (Maple Street); c. 1840.
Oriented perpendicular to the street, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan carries a gable roof sheathed with standing-seam metal. A molded cornice follows the eaves. The three-bay main (southwest) gable facade includes a left entrance with half-length, three-pane sidelights sheltered by a one-bay latticed vestibule with segmental-arched roof. The facade's window openings are fitted with six-over-six sash while the three-bay (one now infilled with clapboards) northwest eaves elevation retains twelve-over-twelve sash. A one-story, shed-roofed rear (northeast) wing extends by one bay the wall plane of the northwest elevation.

The house is associated with the Moultrop family, who owned it during the period circa 1900-1940.

116A. Shed; c. 1900: Standing northeast of the house, a one-and-one-half story, wood-framed, gable-roofed (with asphalt paper) shed is sheathed with boards-and-battens. The two-bay northwest eaves front now lacks a door on its vehicle entrance.

117. Stoodley House (Maple Street); c. 1840.
Considerably altered from its historic appearance, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a concrete foundation. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the gable roof now sheathed with corrugated metal, interrupted on the southwest slope by a shed wall dormer with coupled sash and on the opposite slope by a gabled wall dormer. The main (southeast) gable facade is concealed below the cornice returns by a shed-roofed porch now enclosed with novelty siding and modern two-light windows (the original porch was added circa 1915). Lighted by six-over-six sash, the four-bay southwest eaves elevation is marked by a one-bay, shed-roofed rear entrance vestibule.

The house is associated with the Stoodley family, who owned it from the 1910s until the 1940s.

117A. Garage; c. 1960: 1 story; wood-framed; vertical-board sheathing; gable roof; overhead door on southeast gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.

118. Roscoe Olmstead House (Maple Street); c. 1890.
Built as a storehouse but adapted circa 1900 to a residence, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation, and is sheathed with synthetic siding over the original clapboards. The two-bay main (northeast) gable facade includes a right entrance with glazed paneled door and, on the left, a three-sided bay window with a two-over-two sash in the central panel and one-over-ones on the sides. A two-bay, hip-roofed porch spans the facade, comprising chamfered posts, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt. The three-bay northwest eaves elevation incorporates one of the two-over-two sash common to the house, a bay of coupled one-over-ones, and a right entrance sheltered by a small one-bay, shed-roofed porch at the corner with a one-story, shed-roofed rear ell. The latter projects two bays along its northeast front with a left entrance.

The house is associated with Roscoe Olmstead, its owner between circa 1930 and the 1960s.

119. Pullery/Garage/Tenement (Maple Street); c. 1850.
Having been subjected to repeated extensive alterations and changes of usage, this two-and-one-half story, wood-framed, clapboarded and novelty-sided building of rectangular plan carries an asphalt-shingled gable roof. A continuous shed dormer has been added to the northeast slope. The irregular fenestration consists mostly of four-over-two sash, some in coupled openings. The four-bay main (southwest) facade incorporates a recently added two-bay, partly flat-roofed rectangular entrance pavilion with a one-bay gabled second story over its right half. An exterior wood fire escape has been added to the two-bay northwest gable elevation. Attached to the opposite (southeast) elevation, a two-story, shed-roofed wing descends one story below the main block. Its two-bay southwest elevation includes a right entrance.

Constructed probably for wool drying, the building possessed a two-and one-half story southwest ell in the 1880s. Patrick Harty used it as a wool pulling shop during the 1890s-1900s after adding southeast and southwest extensions. In the early 1920s, the building was converted to an automobile repair garage with a vehicle entrance on the northwest gable elevation. By 1944, it had been reduced in size to its original north block, and converted to a tenement with a two-story porch on the northwest elevation. During a 1981-82 rehabilitation, the building was altered again by the removal of the porch and northwest entrance among other changes.

120. Saxtons River Woolen Mill foundation (Maple Street); c. 1847 and later.
Only masonry foundations remain at the site of the village's leading nineteenth- and early twentieth-century industry. The third woolen mill at the so-called Lower Falls was constructed circa 1847 for the firm of George Perry, Theophilus Hoit, and John Farnsworth, and was subsequently expanded into a complex of several buildings. The principal three-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded building with a slate-shingled gable roof (plus full-length monitor) stood parallel to the river. Its southeast eaves elevation rested on a narrow bedrock outcrop along the river bank while rubble walls supported the opposite (northwest) eaves and southwest gable elevations; later interior concrete walls also survive near the northeast end. A two-and-one-half story wing extended diagonally westward from the principal block, and its south rubble foundation wall remains in place. The mill was destroyed by fire in 1939. The site was cleared of debris and adapted to an informal public park in 1973-74.

121. Garage; 1961.
1 story; 2 x 2 bays; wood-framed; asphalt textured sheathing; shallow gable roof; two (one interior, one exterior) sliding doors on northeast gable front. Non-contributing owing to age.

121A. Shed; rebuilt 1961: 1 story; 1 x 1 bays; wood-framed; asphalt textured sheathing; gable roof; paneled door on southeast eaves front; 1-story, flat-roofed southwest wing. Noncontributing owing to age.

122. John Alexander House (Maple Street); c. 1867-68.
The most fully developed expression of architectural style in Saxtons River village takes the form of this Italianate Revival house capped by a symbolic belvedere. Constructed in 1867-68, the house retains virtually its original appearance. The surrounding grounds are landscaped with mature coniferous and deciduous trees, some of which were planted at the time of the house's completion. Only the stone posts and some square wood gate newels and wood pales remain of the fence that formerly enclosed the grounds.

The wood-framed and clapboarded, cubiform main block rises 2-1/2 stories from a granite slab foundation to a slate-shingled hip roof. The deeply overhanging eaves with molded cornice are supported by ornate pendanted scrolled brackets that are paired at the corners; the brackets are affixed to a paneled frieze lighted by horizontal windows that align with the openings below. The nearly regular fenestration consists predominantly of two-over-two sash with footed sills and projecting cornices. The flush-boarded, two-bay square belvedere is lighted by segmental-headed sash. Its bracketed cornice echoes the form of the main cornice, and a decorated finial surmounts its flat roof. Flanking the belvedere, interior chimneys of unequal height ascend from the northwest and southeast roof slopes; the taller southeast chimney retains a corbeled cap.

The three-bay main (northeast) facade is distinguished by a central gable punctuated by a round-arched, two-light window with hood molding and footed sill. The central entrance ensemble comprises double-leaf paneled doors surmounted by a segmental-headed, stained-glass transom and enframed by a paneled surround. Sheltering the entrance, an elaborately detailed, one-bay square porch incorporates triplet chamfered pillars standing on paneled pedestals at the level of the turned balustrade and supporting with scrolled brackets the overhanging modillion cornice of the flat roof. A turned balustrade follows the perimeter of the roof with paneled corner newels topped by turned finials.

The three-bay southeast elevation is marked by a three-sided bay window that emerges from the right bay with a two-over-two sash in its central panel and slender one-over-ones on the sides, paneled spandrels, and a bracketed modillion cornice. The left bay of this elevation is occupied by a secondary entrance sheltered only by a bracketed hood. The opposite (northwest) elevation possesses a regular four-bay arrangement. Attached to the rear (southwest) of the main block, a slightly reduced, hip-roofed wing with paired-bracketed cornice extends one bay on its recessed northwest elevation, and that is occupied by a bay window similar to its southeast counterpart. The lower ground behind the house exposes a clapboarded basement story on the wing's three-bay rear elevation.

Attached to the south corner of the wing on a southwest offset, a three and-one-half story, gable-roofed southeast ell of similar appearance shows one less story on its banked three-bay (with left entrance) northeast eaves front. A two-bay, shed-roofed porch with bracketed and pedestaled posts spans this elevation and turns one bay along the abutting wing's southeast flank. Added to the ell's mostly exposed northwest gable elevation is a two-story, four-by-two bay, shed-roofed wing.

The southeast ell links to the three-story, three-bay square, hip roofed (with cupola) carriage barn of similar appearance, and also banked against its two-story, three-bay northeast front. The right-bay, segmental headed (with molded lintel) carriage entrance contains an interior twelve-panel sliding door. Directly above is a rectangular six-panel loft door. The window openings are fitted with six-over-six sash apart from the five small stall windows on the rear (southwest) elevation. (An original one-story shed wing has been removed from that elevation.) Echoing the house's belvedere, the square ventilating cupola possesses coupled round-headed louvers on each face, a bracketed cornice, and a slated pyramidal cap surmounted by a high turned finial.

The house was constructed for John F. Alexander, who came to Saxtons River in 1866 and purchased Theophilus Hoit's interest in the adjacent woolen mill (see #120). He held a principal interest in the mill until 1897, and lived here until his death in 1933. The house remained in Alexander family ownership for a century until the death of John's daughter, Hannah, in 1969.

122A. Barn; c. 1915: Standing southwest of the house, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) barn is sheathed with boards-and-battens apart from the clapboarded north eaves front. An interior vertically boarded sliding door enters the center of the north front below a loft door.

123. Sewage Treatment Plant (off River Street); 1972: 1 story; 2 x 2 bays; concrete-block; flat roof. Noncontributing owing to age.

124. C. H. Twitchell House (River Street); c. 1860.
Considerably altered by a 1981-82 rehabilitation, this vernacular two and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a stone foundation. A molded cornice of shallow projection follows only the horizontal eaves of the slate-shingled gable roof oriented parallel to the street; the raking eaves are closely cropped. The window openings contain two-over-two sash excepting the nine-over-six sash that remain in the east and west gables. The four-bay north (street) facade now lacks an entrance; that occurs instead at the left corner of the three-bay east gable elevation. A circa 1890 porch that spanned the north facade and continued around the west gable elevation has been removed.

Attached to the south elevation, a one-story, five-by-three bay, clapboarded, hip-roofed (with corrugated metal) wing extends one bay westward beyond the main block. A shed-roofed entrance vestibule has been added at the corner between the wing and main block.

The house is associated with C. H. Twitchell, who owned it during the first quarter of this century.

124A. Apartment Building; rebuilt, enlarged 1981-82: 1 story; wood-framed; clapboarded; shed roof; irregular fenestration. Possibly rebuilt from 19th century shed on site. Noncontributing owing to age.

125. Raymond Tarbell House (River Street); c. 1860.
Somewhat altered from its original appearance, this vernacular one-and one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick and stone foundation. A continuous shed wall dormer with two-over-one sash (and standing-seam metal roof sheathing) interrupts the north slope of the gable roof sheathed with stamped metal and surmounted by an off-center chimney. The main (north) eaves facade retains five of six previous bays, including an off-center entrance. The window openings are fitted with twelve-over-twelve sash. A circa 1910 porch that spanned the north facade has been removed.

A shed-roofed screened porch with plywood apron and lattice skirt remains along the one-bay east gable elevation, stopped by the partly exposed north gable elevation of a one-story, three-bay, gable-roofed ell attached to the main block's southeast corner. A small one-story, one-bay, shed-roofed wing is appended to the main block's west gable elevation.

The house is associated with Raymond Tarbell, who lived here from the 1920s until the 1970s.

125A. Garage; c. 1940: Probably rebuilt from a nineteenth-century paint shop on the site southwest of the house, this one-story, one-by-one-bay, wood-framed and clapboarded garage carries a gable roof sheathed with asphalt shingles and slate. Double-leaf doors of beaded matched boards enter the north gable front. During the 1940s, this garage served as the village's first fire station. Non-contributing owing to age.

126. Harty-Simonds House (River Street); c. 1830.
Probably the first house built on River Street, this vernacular two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan stands oriented with its asphalt-shingled gable roof parallel to the street. molded cornice of shallow projection marks the north horizontal eaves while the closely cropped east and west raking eaves have cornice moldings applied at the wall plane, including short front returns. The four-bay main (north) eaves facade is arranged asymmetrically around an off-center entrance (now covered). Reduced in height on the second story, the window openings contain mostly two-over-two sash. An off-center entrance exists on both the two-bay east gable and three-bay west gable elevations. A shed-roofed porch with square posts remains on the rear (south) elevation while a circa 1890 porch has been removed from the north facade.

Projecting from the southwest rear corner on a partial westward offset, a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed shed ell has an entrance on its partly exposed north gable elevation. The two-over-two sash on the two-bay west eaves elevation are taller than those on the main block. A one and-one-half story carriage barn that was formerly linked to the ell's rear (south) elevation has been removed.

The house is associated with both Edward Harty, its owner between the 1890s and 1920s, and LeRoy Simonds, who has owned it since the 1940s.

127. Wool Pulling Shop (River Street); c. 1870.
The largest nineteenth-century industrial building extant in the village, this former wool pulling shop retains essentially its original appearance. The wood-framed and clapboarded building of rectangular plan rises three and three-quarters stories (plus an exposed basement story under its south half) from a brick foundation to a gable roof sheathed with standing-seam metal. A truncated square vent appears at the center of the ridge, the remnant of an original louvered cupola with pyramidal cap. The regular fenestration consists of six-over-six sash, many of which are broken or missing.

The three-bay main (north) gable facade includes three large wagon or loading entrances. On the first story, central interior double sliding doors are flanked on the right by a single exterior sliding door, all made of beaded matched boards; a pass door enters the left bay. Another large interior sliding door occupies the central bay on the second story. The latter was apparently served by the hoist that projects from the gable peak. The east and west eaves elevations extend eight window bays in length.

The building was erected for L. C. Hubbard and Son after the devastating 1869 flood destroyed their previous shop. 'The firm of M. P. Barry and F. B. Scofield took over the wool pulling enterprise in 1877 and continued until Scofield's death in 1898. Barry maintained the business at least another decade. A two-and-one-half story drying shed originally extended from the rear (south) gable elevation on a westward offset; it was removed prior to 1928. In recent decades the building has been used only for storage.

128. Saw and Turning Mill foundation (River Street); c. 1850.
A rectangle of partly collapsed rubble foundation walls marks the site of a sawmill and related activities at the so-called Middle Falls. Ransom Farnsworth owned the mill between the 1850s and 1880s, having the equipment to perform sawing, planing, and turning. The firm of Barry and Scofield, who owned the nearby wool pulling shop (#127), also operated this mill in the 1890s. E. A. Kilburn added woodworking equipment for making window sash in the early 1900s. C. O. Stone acquired the mill in 1913 and shifted its output to wood novelties, followed in 1928 by William Frey. The two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed building evolved through the decades with various attached wings and sheds, being finally destroyed by fire in 1959. The dam atop the falls was washed away by a flood in 1938.

129. Farnsworth-Stone-Frey House (Main and River Streets); c. 1840.

Somewhat altered from its original appearance, this vernacular Greek Revival, one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the gable roof sheathed with stamped metal and surmounted by an off-center chimney. Shed wall dormers with triplet two-over-two sash have been added to both the east and west slopes. The other window openings contain two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (north) facade includes a left sidehall entrance with a paneled door flanked by four-pane, half-length sidelights and enframed by a fluted surround with corner and head blocks. The entrance is sheltered by a modern gabled canopy above lattice side screens. A flat-roofed porch with bracketed slotted posts formerly spanned the facade and turned along the left two bays of the west eaves elevation to meet an extant one-story, shed-roofed wing that continues four bays (including an off-center entrance) along the rest of the west elevation. A two-story carriage barn that projected as a west ell from the house's southwest corner was removed circa 1920.

The house is associated with the owners of the adjacent sawmill (see #128) that burned in 1959.

130. Automobile Service Station (Main Street); 1959.
1 story; concrete block/wood-framed and clapboarded, flat roof; plate-glass windows, overhead door on north facade. Rebuilt after being damaged by 1959 fire that destroyed adjacent mill (#128). Noncontributing owing to age.

131. Westminster Street Bridge; 1949.
3 spans; open deck type; concrete deck on steel beams; tubular steel railings; intermediate paneled concrete piers. Replaced l-span covered wood bridge (built 1870) whose rubble abutments remain visible. Noncontributing owing to age.

132. Walter Rand House (Westminster Street); c. 1830.
Severely altered with modern materials, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan rests on a concrete foundation and is sheathed with synthetic siding. Oriented perpendicular to the street, the gable roof is sheathed with corrugated metal. The five-bay main (south) eaves facade includes a central entrance and, at the left end, a three-sided projection beneath the hip roof of a three-bay porch (originally added circa 1915) with square posts that spans the facade. The window openings contain modern one-over-one sash. An exterior concrete-block chimney has been added to the two-bay west (street) gable elevation.

Prior to circa 1900, an elongated one-story ell projected southward from the left end of the south elevation. A bay window was installed there after the removal of the ell, and the latter was replaced by a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed east shed wing. The shed wing was removed circa 1980.

The house is associated with Walter Rand, its owner during the period circa 1920-1960. Subsequently the house has been altered to the extent that it has lost its historic character, and therefore is considered noncontributing to the historic district.

132A. Garage; c. 1920: Standing east of the house, a one-story, wood-framed garage is sheathed with asphalt paper below the gable roof with corrugated metal. Double-leaf, vertically boarded doors enter the south gable front and a nine-pane window lights the rear of the west eaves elevation.

133. Edgar Lucas House (Westminster Street); c. 1840.
The vernacular Greek Revival style of this two-and-one-half story, three-by-two bay, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed house of originally rectangular plan has been disfigured by a modern one-story, shed-roofed addition along the banked south eaves elevation where only the second story is exposed above grade. Partly clapboarded and enclosed by multiple one-over-one sash, the addition projects beyond the two-bay west (street) gable elevation, across which an open-string stair sheltered by a corrugated metal roof descends to the ground story. The original window openings are surmounted by peaked lintels and are fitted with four-over-one sash. A projecting cornice follows the eaves of the main roof, now sheathed with corrugated metal. An off-center brick chimney surmounts the ridge while a modern concrete-block chimney interrupts the south eaves. Attached to the rear (east) elevation is a modern two-story, shed-roofed wing with plywood sheathing and multiple unglazed openings.

The house is associated with Edgar Lucas, who lived here between 1959 and 1985.

134. Old South Meetinghouse site (Westminster Street).
Only the four brick corners of its foundation exist to mark the site of the first ecclesiastical building in Saxtons River village. Roswell Bellows was awarded the contract, and the meetinghouse was erected in 1809-10. The Baptists, Congregationalists, and Universalists shared the building until religious dissension caused the formation of separate parishes of Baptist and Congregationalists, each of which built a new church, in 1840 and 1836 respectively (#97 and 1 in the historic district).

In 1842, the disused meetinghouse was adapted to a private school by the name of Saxtons River Seminary, and probably then received its Greek Revival stylistic character. The temple-front, two-story, three-by-seven bay, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed building presented to the street a three bay main (west) gable facade distinguished by two Doric columns placed in antis at a recessed one-bay entrance portico. Broad fluted corner pilasters supported a heavy entablature surmounted by a gable pediment with flush boarded tympanum. A classically detailed three-stage bell tower ascended from the ridge end, its two lower stages being square in plan (the reduced second stage having a round-headed louver on each face) while the top stage was octagonal, also louvered, and crowned by a bellcast cap.

The Seminary closed in 1866. Nine years later, the building became the village's public school and continued in that use until the present school (#31 ) was constructed in 1915. Subsequently the building was used variously and allowed to deteriorate. In 1974, the Town of Rockingham acquired the nearly derelict building for demolition. The simply landscaped grounds were then dedicated as a small park in memory of Dr. F. L. Osgood.

135. Saxtons River Cemetery (off Westminster Street).
The only cemetery in Saxtons River village occupies an ell-shaped area behind the site of the Old South Meetinghouse (#134). The initial burials occurred here in the first decade of the nineteenth century, marked by slate headstones. Marble and granite headstones constitute the majority in a variety of styles. Mostly coniferous trees (including cedars) and flowering shrubs (notably bush hydrangea) are scattered about the grounds. A wood fence with square pales encloses the perimeter, and at the west front entrance, square granite posts support double-leaf, cast-iron carriage gates flanked by single pedestrian gates, all bearing Gothic ornamental motifs.

135A. Public Tomb; 1884 Standing at the southwest front corner of the cemetery, this small one-story masonry building rests on a rock-faced granite foundation and carries a gable roof shingled with slate. Laid up in stretcher bond, the walls are articulated by means of recessed panels surmounted by a denticulated stringcourse below a frieze band and a corbeled denticulated stringcourse at the horizontal eaves level. The one-bay main (north) gable facade is entered by double-leaf iron doors below a rock-faced lintel incised with date, 1884. The east and west eaves elevations are each marked by three blind panels.

135B. Hearse Shed; c. 1880 Standing closely adjacent to the public tomb (#135A), the one-and-one half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with slate shingles) hearse shed repeats its scale, form, and orientation. The one-bay north gable front is entered by double-leaf doors of disparate appearance; while the original left leaf has six vertical panels, the right leaf is a modern plywood replacement. A gable opening is concealed by louvered shutters. The west eaves elevation is lighted by a six-over-six sash.

136. Morrison-Gammell House (Westminster Street); c. 1846.
The application of synthetic siding to this two-and-one-half story, wood-framed house has concealed both the original clapboards, the door and window surrounds, and the projecting cornice. The gable roof is sheathed with asphalt shingles (west slope) and standing-seam metal (east slope), and surmounted by a rebuilt interior chimney at each (north and south) ridge end.

The five-bay main (west) eaves facade is arranged symmetrically around a central entrance with four-panel door. The four-pane, half-length sidelights are now surrounded by synthetic siding. The entrance is sheltered by a Colonial Revival, one-bay rectangular porch whose hip roof is supported by Tuscan columns. The window openings contain modern six-over-six sash. The two-bay north and south gable elevations of the main block culminate in pediments formed by the horizontal cornice returns.

Attached to the rear (east) elevation, a one-and-one-half story, gable roofed parallel wing is abutted by a shed-roofed south wing whose south elevation is flush with that of the main block. The wing's south elevation includes a secondary entrance and reduced windows. Offset northward from the first wing's north gable elevation is a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded and gable-roofed (with metal sheathing) carriage barn with a vehicle entrance on its two-bay south elevation. Finally, there extends from the barn's southeast corner a one story, clapboarded, gable-roofed shed wing with a three-bay south eaves elevation.

The house is associated with both the Morrison and Gammell families, the former being its owner between the 1910s and 1930s and the latter from the 1930s until the 1960s.

137. Sheldon-Leonardi House (Westminster Street); c. 1830.
Presenting a broad gable front to the street, this vernacular one-and-three-quarters story, five-by-three bay, wood-framed house of rectangular plan rests on a granite slab foundation and is sheathed with asbestos shingles over the original clapboards. A molded cornice follows the eaves of the gable roof, now sheathed with standing-seam metal and carrying a high brick chimney with corbeled cap on the south slope.

The five-bay main (west) gable facade is arranged symmetrically around a central entrance flanked by five-pane sidelights of three-quarters length. The window openings are fitted with six-over-six sash. The entrance is sheltered by a Queen Anne, one-bay rectangular porch with scroll-bracketed turned posts, dimension balustrade (with ball-capped newels at the entrance opening), lattice skirt, and a shed roof with central pediment.

Attached to the rear (cast) gable elevation, a reduced and recessed, clapboarded, gable-roofed wing is shielded on its south eaves elevation by a three-bay, novelty-sided, shed-roofed enclosed porch with two-light windows. Continuing eastward from the wing, a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed carriage barn extends five bays along its south eaves elevation. An interior sliding door enters the left-center bay below a loft door.

The house is associated with both Dennis Sheldon, who owned it during the period circa 1910-1940, and Mark Leonardi, who has owned it since 1957.

138. Lester Sheehan House (Westminster Street); c. 1800, c. 1950.
Considerably altered by twentieth-century additions, this vernacular one and-one-half story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan is sheathed with wood shingles. Oriented perpendicular to the street, the slate- and asphalt shingled gable roof with center chimney carries on its south slope large twin gabled dormers that were added circa 1915; the dormers are lighted by coupled sets of the twelve-over-twelve sash common to the house. The three-bay main (south) eaves facade includes a central entrance sheltered by a one-bay gabled porch with square posts that was added circa 1950. The three-bay west (street) gable elevation lacks an entrance while the north eaves elevation is marked by a circa 1950, two-bay, shed-roofed screened porch with box posts and semielliptical-headed openings.

A circa 1950 northward-offset east wing of similar scale and appearance includes a right entrance on its south eaves elevation. A gabled breezeway projects southward from the wing to link to a circa 1950, one-story, three-by three bay, wood-shingled, gable-roofed garage and studio. An overhead door enters its west gable front.

The house is associated with Lester Sheehan, who acquired it during the 1940s and made the contemporary additions.

139. Alice Field Allbee House (Westminster Street); c. 1890.
One of the few representatives of Queen Anne style in the historic district, this wood-framed and mostly clapboarded house of asymmetrical plan rises two-and-one-half stories from a brick foundation to an asphalt-shingled, cross-gable roof. The west and south gable facades display mirror-image treatment of one-bay projecting pavilions with reduced gables and truncated first-story corners flanked by entrance porches. A boldly projecting molded cornice encircles the house at the horizontal eaves level, creating pediments on the repeated gables whose tympanums are wood-shingled.

The two-bay main (west) facade is arranged with its pavilion on the right side and the main entrance on the recessed wall plane. Treated as a bay window, the pavilion's first story has its central panel and truncated corners lighted by the one-over-one sash with molded lintels common to the house. The pavilion's pediment is punctuated by a small fixed window with multi-pane border. A one-bay, shed-roofed entrance porch with turned post, balustrade, and lattice skirt occupies the corner between the pavilion and the main wall plane. This porch was rebuilt circa 1951 after a tree fell on its original counterpart. The latter extended two bays across the west front and farther along the north elevation to serve a secondary entrance. Its appearance matched that of the extant south porch.

The south facade includes a one-bay eaves section on the left flanked by the gabled pavilion. The latter was altered in 1963 by the erection of an exterior fireplace chimney that cuts through the pediment. The three-by-two bay porch with turned components serves an entrance on the pavilion's truncated right corner; its original step balustrades have been removed. The north elevation possesses a broad pedimented gable three bays in width and clapboarded on its lower half with wood shingles above. The gabled section projects one bay outward from the blank wall of the front block. Attached to the house's rear (east) elevation is a small one-story, shed-roofed wing.

This house was constructed circa 1890 for Alice Field as a gift from her father. Subsequently a teacher at the Clark School for the Deaf in Northampton, Mass., Alice Field Allbee retired to Saxtons River and lived in the house until her death in 1946.

139A. Garage; 1961: 1 story; wood-framed; clapboarded; gable roof; two overhead doors on south gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.

140. Lake-Coleman House (Westminster Street); c. 1893.
This vernacular Queen Anne, two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house stands on a brick foundation, oriented with its slate shingled gable roof perpendicular to the street. A molded cornice and frieze band follows both the raking and horizontal eaves, supported by capitaled corner boards. The regular fenestration consists of one-over-one sash with molded lintels.

The three-bay main (west) gable facade possesses a left sidehall entrance, whose paneled door has a large light with a stained-glass border. A two-bay, flat-roofed porch spans the facade, incorporating turned posts (with scroll-sawn brackets) and balustrade (with ball-capped newels at the entrance opening), and lattice skirt. To the right of a one-bay eaves section, a two story, two-bay gabled pavilion dominates the south elevation. A one-and-one half story rear (east) wing extends three bays on its south eaves elevation, sheltered by a two-bay, shed-roofed porch with square posts, vertically boarded apron, and lattice skirt. Appended to the rear of the wing, a one story, one-bay, shed-roofed garage has an overhead door on its south front.

The house was constructed in the early 1890s for Clark and Edwin (son) Lake. Subsequently it was owned by (Mrs.) Corinne Lake Coleman, daughter of Edwin, until her death in 1985.

140A. Shed; c. 1893: East of the house stands a one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded shed with a metal-sheathed gable roof. A left-bay pass door and a six-over-six sash window mark the two-bay south eaves front.

141. Wright-Barnes House (Westminster Street); c. 1880.
The vernacular Queen Anne house and large dairy barn of this inactive farm define the south edge of the Saxtons River Village Historic District. The house stands at the intersection where Westminster Street becomes the gravel Hartley Hill Road and the paved Westminster West Road turns westward. The barn is set back a short distance to the southwest.

Oriented with its asphalt-shingled gable roof perpendicular to Hartley Hill Road, the two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house rests on a brick foundation. A central chimney straddles the ridge. A two-and-one half story, two-bay, gabled pavilion projects from both the south and north eaves elevations. The window openings have molded lintels and are fitted mostly with two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes a left sidehall entrance with glazed paneled door. A hip-roofed porch with turned posts and balustrade and lattice skirt spans the facade in three bays and continues two bays along the north eaves elevation, stopped by the north pavilion. A recent lengthy wood wheelchair ramp connects to the south end of the porch. On the right half of the south elevation are two small rectangular stairwell windows with stained-glass borders. The first story of the adjacent projecting pavilion consists of a three-sided bay window with two-over-two sash (coupled in the central panel) and clapboarded spandrels. The second story is treated as a bay window with slender one-over-one sash on the sides.

A one-and-one-half story rear (west) wing extends four bays in length. A two-bay, shed-roofed porch with square posts shelters the left half of the south eaves elevation below twin two-light kneewall windows. On the north elevation below a shed-roofed wall dormer, a one-bay entrance porch retains turned components. A one-story, one-bay, shed-roofed wing abuts the west gable elevation.

141A. Dairy Barn; c. 1880, 1950: The relatively large dairy barn incorporates two main blocks attached end-to-end. The earlier post-and-beam, vertically boarded, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal sheathing) east block stands perpendicular to Hartley Hill Road. Its main wagon entrance on the banked east gable front now lacks a door; a multi-light transom set higher on the wall indicates the original height of the opening. The basement byre is illuminated by a series of paired two-light windows. Standing astride the ridge, a central gabled ventilator has paired rectangular louvers on its north and south faces.

Added circa 1950, the smaller balloon-framed, horizontally boarded west block carries a gambrel roof sheathed with standing-seam metal. The west gable front possesses central entrances at three levels flanked by six-light windows. A vertically boarded sliding door enters the ground floor while hinged loft doors provide access to the upper levels below a triangular hoist projection at the gable peak. Multiple closely spaced window openings (now mostly lacking the original six-light windows) illuminate the ground floor byre. Projecting as an ell from the gambrel block's north eaves elevation is a one-story, two-by-two bay, horizontally boarded, gable-roofed milkhouse.

The farm is associated with both William Wright and Richard Barnes, the present owner. Wright operated the farm from the 1890s until the 1930s. The Barnes family acquired the farm in the 1940s, and added the gambrel block of the dairy barn. Active dairying ceased about 1960.

142. Jed Vancor Honse (Westminster Street), c. 1860.
Standing at the abrupt curve where Westminster Street becomes the Westminster West Road, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. A molded cornice and frieze band follows the eaves of its gable roof, now sheathed with corrugated metal. Headed by molded lintels, the window openings are fitted mostly with two-over-two sash.

The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes a left sidehall entrance. A Queen Anne, three-bay, hip-roofed porch with turned posts and scroll-sawn brackets spans the facade, now entirely screened. Contrasting with the three bay north eaves elevation, the south elevation features a rectangular bay window with one-over-one sash and clapboarded spandrels. Offset southward one bay (an east-facing entrance) from the main block, a west wing of the same scale extends three bays along its south eaves elevation.

Attached as an ell to the rear of the wing, a one-and-one-half story, clapboarded, gable-roofed carriage barn presents an unusual appearance on its two-bay south gable front. A large paneled sliding door on the right is sheathed with matched boards hung diagonally on each quadrant around a central twelve-light window. On the left is a smaller carriage entrance of double leaf, vertically boarded doors. The gable is illuminated by a three-part window consisting of a vertical three-light section flanked by shorter four light sections. Another wing continues westward from the carriage barn, being a two-story, asphalt-papered former chickenhouse with a shallow gable roof and multiple four- and six-light windows.

The house is associated with Jed Vancor, who owned it from the 1920s into the 1940s.

143. Clarence Goyette House (Westminster Street); c. 1790.
Ranking among the earliest houses in Saxtons River village, this one-and one-half story house of Cape Cod type rests on a granite foundation, its slate-shingled gable roof oriented parallel to the street. The post-and-beam framing and plank walls are now sheathed with synthetic siding over the original clapboards. The main (east) eaves facade was originally arranged symmetrically with five bays including the central entrance, whose four-panel door is flanked by five-pane sidelights of three-quarters length within a plain surround. To the left, the original two window openings have been replaced by a picture window and abutting one-over-one sash while on the right there remain two bays of the two-over-two sash common to the house.

Attached to the rear (southwest) corner of the house's two-bay south gable elevation, a smaller-scale, gable-roofed shed ell retains mostly clapboard sheathing. Its two-bay east gable front contains a secondary entrance next to a garage opening on the left. Both are sheltered by a projecting slated shed roof supported by bracketed newel posts. 'The shed extends five bays (including twelve-over-eight sash) along its south eaves elevation with double-leaf, vertically boarded doors at the west end. From the ell's west gable elevation, a smaller one-story, clapboarded, gable-roofed wing continues in the same alignment. Multiple one- and two-light windows illuminate its south eaves elevation.

The house is associated with Clarence Goyette, its owner since 1950.

144. Emma Knight House (Westminster Street); c. 1870.
Oriented parallel to the street, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded "classic cottage" rests on a granite slab foundation and carries a slate-shingled gable roof. One interior chimney remains at the south end of the ridge. The symmetrical five-bay main (east) eaves facade includes a central entrance with four-panel door surmounted by a five-light transom and peaked lintel supported by simple pilasters. The window openings are fitted with two-over-two sash.

Gable-roofed wings of reduced scale extend from both the north and south gable elevations. The two-by-two bay north wing is lighted by six-over-six sash. A shed-roofed screened porch with square posts, scroll-sawn brackets, and lattice skirt shelters its east eaves front. From the rear (west) elevation, there projects a one-story, one-bay, gable-roofed ell. The somewhat larger three-bay south wing (a former shed) now possesses on its east eaves front a central entrance and side bays of coupled six-over-six and two-over-two sash. Attached to its rear (west) elevation as a southward-offset ell is a small clapboarded barn with a slated gable roof. An overhead garage door has been installed on its east gable front while the south eaves elevation retains four bays of six-over-six sash.

The house is associated with Emma Knight, who lived here from the 1890s until circa 1940.

144A. Garage; c. 1870: Standing southwest of the house, a one-story, wood-framed and clapboarded shed with a slate-shingled gable roof has been adapted to a garage with an overhead door on its east gable front. Two bays of six-over-six sash light its south eaves elevation.

144B. Garage; c. 1870: Converted from an icehouse, this small one-and-one half story, one-by-two bay, wood-framed and clapboarded building with a slate shingled gable roof stands northwest of the house. A shallow gabled projection has been added at the east gable front to provide sufficient length for a vehicle.

145. Colin Lake House (Westminster Street); c. 1925.
Altered by the application of synthetic siding over its original sheathing and trim, this one-and-one-half story, wood-framed, gable-roofed (with asphalt shingles) cottage of rectangular plan rests on a rubble masonry foundation. The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes both off-center and right-bay entrances. A shed-roofed porch spans these bays, comprising slotted posts, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt. On the left the porch abuts a three-sided bay window with coupled four-over-one sash in its central panel and matching single sash on the sides. The same sash appear elsewhere on the house, being coupled in the end bays of the three-bay north eaves elevation. A one-story, gable-roofed wing extends from the main block's rear (west) elevation with a shed-roofed entrance porch on its south elevation.

The house is associated with Colin Lake, its original owner who lived here until the 1950s.

145A. Shed; c. 1925: Standing west of the house, a one-story, wood-framed, gable-roofed (with exposed rafter tails) shed is sheathed mostly with boards and-battens. A right entrance marks its two-bay south gable front.

146. Kelton House (Westminster Street and Clark Court); c. 1960.
1 story; wood-framed; synthetic siding; shallow gable roof; 2-stall garage attached as west wing. Noncontributing owing to age.

147. Jeffrey House (Westminster Street and Clark Court); c. 1955.
1 1/2 stories; 3 x 3 bays; wood-framed; synthetic siding; gable roof with twin gabled dormers; 6/1 sash; 1-story, flat-roofed north wing. Built by John MacLeod. Noncontributing owing to age.

147A. Garage; c. 1955: 1 story; 1 x 1 bays; wood-framed; clapboarded; gable roof; overhead door on south gable front. Noncontributing owing to age.

148. Congregational Parsonage (Westminster Street); c. 1870.
Appearing similar to the earlier Baptist Parsonage (#55) on Pleasant Street, this vernacular Greek Revival, two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan rests on a brick foundation. Capitaled corner boards support a frieze band and molded cornice that follow the eaves of the slate-shingled gable roof oriented perpendicular to the street. A central brick chimney surmounts the ridge. The regular fenestration consists of two-over-two sash headed by molded lintels.

The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance with a glazed paneled door headed by a molded cornice. A two-bay, flat-roofed porch spans the facade, supported by pedestaled chamfered posts with pierced brackets standing on an open deck with lattice skirt. The three-bay south eaves elevation is marked on the left by a three-sided bay window with one-over-one sash and paneled spandrels.

A one-and-one-half story rear (west) wing of similar appearance extends four bays along its recessed south eaves elevation. A shed-roofed enclosed porch with multiple four-light windows and vertically boarded apron conceals the first story. Continuing from the wing's west gable elevation is a one-story, clapboarded, gable-roofed (also slated) shed with a pass door on its two-bay south eaves elevation.

Attached to the shed's southwest rear corner but fully offset southward is a one-and-one-half story, two-by-three bay, clapboarded carriage barn, its gable roof sheathed with corrugated metal. The two-bay east gable front includes an interior vertically boarded sliding door and a loft door above. The windows contain two-over-two sash.

The house became the Congregational Parsonage in 1896 as the bequest of Deacon John H. Ramsey. After the Congregational and Baptist parishes merged in 1936, this parsonage was retained by the federated church.

149. Cobb-Fuller House (Westminster Street); c. 1810.
The early nineteenth-century appearance of this vernacular one-and-one half story, wood-framed cottage of rectangular plan has been somewhat altered by twentieth-century additions and materials. Resting on a rusticated concrete-block foundation, the house is sheathed with wood shingles below the gable roof sheathed with corrugated metal. Shed dormers with coupled windows have been added to both the north and south slopes. A central chimney surmounts the ridge.

The two-bay main (east) gable facade retains its original arrangement with an off-center entrance. A shed-roofed porch spans the facade in two bays and continues (screened) onto the north eaves elevation, incorporating square posts, dimension balustrade, and lattice skirt. The window openings are fitted with twelve-over-one sash in both single and coupled arrangement. On the three-bay south eaves elevation, a projecting shed-roofed vestibule with triplet windows shelters a left entrance.

The house is associated with both the Cobb family, who owned it during the middle nineteenth-century, and Fay Fuller, who probably added the porch and dormers during his ownership between circa 1915 and 1944.

149A. Garage; c. 1920: Sited west of the house, this one-story, wood-framed and novelty-sided garage carries an asphalt-papered hip roof with exposed rafter tails. Two sets of double-leaf, cross-braced doors enter its south front.

150. Robert Thomson House (off Westminster Street); c. 1920.
Similar in appearance to the adjacent Cobb-Fuller House (#149) but a century later in origin, this vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and shingled cottage rests on a brick foundation. Sheathed with standing-seam metal, its gable roof is interrupted on the south slope by a shed dormer with triplet sash. An off-center chimney surmounts the ridge. The three-bay main (south) eaves facade includes a central entrance sheltered by a small one-bay gabled porch and coupled six-over-one sash in the window openings. Appended to the east gable elevation is a small one-story, gable-roofed wing with a two-bay south eaves elevation.

The house is associated with Robert Thomson, its owner since the 1960s.

151. Gordon Lake House (Lake Road); c. 1900.
This vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed house resting on a brick foundation has been sheathed with asbestos shingles over the original clapboards while its gable roof retains slate shingles. An interior chimney with corbeled cap surmounts the ridge. The three-bay main (north) gable facade includes a right sidehall entrance, and the window openings are fitted with the two-over-two sash common to the house. A shed-roofed (with slate shingles) porch comprising turned posts, geometrical stickwork balustrade, and lattice skirt spans the north facade in two bays and continues two bays along the east eaves elevation. The porch stops at a one-and-one-half story, one bay, gabled pavilion, from whose first story emerges a gabled rectangular bay window with coupled two-over-two sash in its central panel and slender one-over-ones on the sides.

Attached to the main block's south gable elevation, a reduced wing extends four bays along its east eaves elevation where an off-center entrance is sheltered by a small gabled vestibule. The wing links to the north eaves elevation of a one-and-one-half story, two-by-two bay, mostly clapboarded carriage barn oriented as an ell. Two rigid metal overhead garage doors have been installed on its east gable front while a loft door remains on the partly exposed, asbestos-shingled north elevation. Sheathed with standing-seam metal, the gable roof carries a central square cupola with a rectangular louver on each face and an overhanging pyramidal cap. A one-story, clapboarded, shed-roofed wing is attached to the rear (west) elevation.

The house is associated with Gordon Lake, who has owned it since the 1950s.

151A. Shed; c. 1900 and later: Standing south of the house, this one-and-one-half story, three-by-two bay, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with standing-seam metal) shed possesses one-story, shed-roofed east and north wings.

151B. Garage; c. 1925: Sited east of the house across the circular driveway is a one-story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed (with corrugated metal) garage. Double-leaf plywood doors enter its west gable front. The one-bay north and south eaves elevations are punctuated by one-light vertical windows.

152. F. C. Spaulding House (Westminster Street); c. 1850.
Oriented perpendicular to the street, this somewhat altered, two-and-one half story, wood-framed house of rectangular plan is sheathed with synthetic siding over the original clapboards and the gable roof is sheathed with corrugated metal. A gabled dormer emerges from the south slope, and a central chimney surmounts the ridge. The three-bay main (east) gable facade includes a left entrance flanked by five-pane sidelights of three-quarters length, enframed by a paneled surround with corner and head blocks, and sheltered by a small one-bay, gabled porch with square posts. The window openings contain one-over-one sash.

Sheltering the four-bay south eaves elevation, a two-story porch consists of a two-bay first story with bracketed slotted posts and lattice skirt and an added three-bay, shed-roofed second story with square posts and turned balustrade. The porch abuts a rear (west) block of slightly larger scale and similar appearance that extends four bays on its south eaves elevation. A gabled dormer marks the north slope of its gable roof. A one-and-one-half story carriage barn formerly attached to its rear (west) gable elevation has been removed.

The house is associated with F. C. Spaulding, probably its original owner.

153. Derrick Severance House (Westminster Street); c. 1850.
This vernacular one-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded house of rectangular plan carries a gable roof sheathed with stamped metal (of crow's foot pattern) and oriented perpendicular to the street. A central brick chimney surmounts the ridge. The three-bay (of two-over-two sash) east gable facade lacks an entrance. That occurs instead on the three-bay south eaves elevation, positioned on the east face of a central one-bay, clapboarded projection sharing the hip roof of a one-by-one bay porch with turned post and balustrade that extends to the southeast corner. A shed-roofed screened porch with square posts and vertically boarded apron shelters the opposite (north) elevation.

Attached to the rear (west) elevation on a partial northward offset, a reduced wing extends three bays (including two entrances) along its south eaves elevation sheltered by a porch like that at the main block's entrance. A one-and-one-half story carriage barn formerly attached as an ell to the wing's west gable elevation was removed in 1985.

The house is associated with Derrick Severance, its owner during the period circa 1900-1940.

153A. Garage; c. 1920: Standing west of the house, this one-story, wood-framed and clapboarded garage has an asphalt-papered shallow gable roof. The east gable front is entered by double-leaf, vertically boarded doors on the left stall and double-leaf doors with four-light horizontal glazing on the right stall.

154. Tenney's Lumber Mill (off Westminster Street); 1870.
Oriented parallel to the south bank of the Saxtons River, this one-and one-half story, wood-framed and mostly novelty-sided sawmill carries a shallow pitched gable roof sheathed with standing-seam metal. The irregular fenestration is concentrated on the two-bay east gable and multi-bay north eaves elevations, and consists mostly of coupled six-light windows. The south elevation lacks siding on its first story. A south ell of higher roofline and similar appearance is attached to the west end of the south elevation; a driveway passes through its open first story. A lower shed-roofed wing extends along the north elevation.

The sawmill was built in 1870 to produce materials required for the construction of the covered bridge on Westminster Street (replaced in 1949 by the present bridge, #131). Operated by J. C. Hubbard in the 1880s, both the sawmill and the adjacent gristmill (#155) were acquired in 1892 by Henry A. Thompson and his brother-in-law, Sidney A. Whipple. The firm of Whipple, Thompson and Co. added a planing mill circa 1900 and operated the mills until Whipple's death in 1920. Lew G. Thompson then joined his father in the firm of Thompson and Thompson, which continued operation until the sale of the mills to Claude Tenney in 1945. The sawmill remains in operation under Tenney family ownership.

154A. Lumber Shed; c. 1960: 1 story; wood-framed; vertical-board sheathing; shed-roof; open north front. Noncontributing owing to age.

154B. Lumber Shed; c. 1975: U-plan; 1 story; wood-framed; vertical-board, corrugated-metal sheathing; gable roof; partly open around courtyard. Noncontributing owing to age.

155. Thompson Gristmill (Westminster Street); c. 1850.
Standing closely parallel to the south bank of the river at the Westminster street bridge (#131), this wood-framed and clapboarded former gristmill of rectangular plan rises three and one-half stories from a fieldstone foundation to an asphalt-shingled gable roof. A central brick chimney surmounts the ridge. The somewhat irregular fenestration consists mostly of six-over-six sash.

Only two stories are exposed above grade on the six-bay main (south) eaves facade, mostly sheltered by a two-story, four-bay, shed-roofed porch with square posts that was added circa 1900. A modern display window has been added beside a right entrance. A central interior vertically boarded sliding door remains in place on the second story. The two-bay east (street) gable elevation has a second-story interior sliding door and a loft door in the gable north elevation is marked by a one-bay, shed-roofed appendage on the second-story level. Attached to the rear (west) elevation, the former wheelhouse, is a one-story, one-bay, shed-roofed wing.

The gristmill was operated from circa 1860 until 1945. Following L. C. Hubbard's proprietorship, the firm of Whipple, Thompson and Co. owned both the gristmill and the adjacent sawmill (#154) from 1892 until Sidney Whipple's death in 1920. The firm then became Thompson and Thompson (Henry A. joined by his son, Lew G.) and continued until the sale of the business to Claude Tenney in 1945. Subsequently the gristmill has been adapted for commercial use.

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

The Saxtons River Village Historic District possesses the distinctive characteristics of a small rural Vermont village that developed during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The village comprises the typical residential, commercial, industrial, and public buildings arrayed along its namesake river that provided the water power to attract and sustain settlement. Most of these buildings display vernacular expressions of the architectural styles prevailing in Vermont during the period of the village's gradual development. The Greek Revival, Italianate Revival, and Queen Anne appear also in high-style residential interpretations, reflecting the financial success of certain village entrepreneurs. The village was dominated economically during the nineteenth century by a woolen mill whose active role was extinguished in the 1930s by economic factors and fire, thereby corresponding to the industrial experience of several other Vermont villages.

Settlement commenced in 1783 on the site of what became Saxtons River village. Initially oriented toward agriculture, it proceeded slowly during the remainder of the eighteenth century; according to one early settler, there were only two houses by 1795. Probably the earliest extant house (#143) in the historic district was built about that time on the terrace south of the Saxtons River (and present village center), where other houses soon appeared.

By 1807, settlement of the vicinity had reached the extent that the residents began to plan the construction of their own non-sectarian meetinghouse. Simeon Aldrich donated a plot of land for the purpose near his house just south of the river. Roswell Bellows was awarded the contract, and the building was erected in 1809-10. It would become known as the Old South Meetinghouse to distinguish it from the meetinghouse built in 1787 at Rockingham village four miles to the north (see the National Register nomination for the Rockingham Meetinghouse, entered in the National Register on September 10, 1979). A burying-ground, now the Saxtons River Cemetery (#135), was established behind the meetinghouse, the ground being leveled by a community work-bee in June, 1810. The meetinghouse was dedicated in August of the same year; Baptists, Congregationalists, and Universalists would share its use for a quarter-century.

A principal attraction for the settlement of Saxtons River village was the water power readily available at three sites along a half-mile stretch of the river. The so-called Middle Falls offered an abrupt twenty-foot drop, and the first grist mill and sawmill were probably built here (just down stream of the present Westminster Street bridge, #131). The first woolen mill was built in 1815 at the Lower Falls site, apparently for the brothers Nathan, Leonard, and Carter Whitcomb who came from Swanzey, New Hampshire. This mill lasted only eight years before being destroyed by fire but a second would soon follow.

The nascent settlement developed rapidly during the first quarter of the nineteenth century, gaining some of the requisites of a proper village. Jonathon Barron undertook construction of a hotel (on the site of its successor, #37) in 1817 but financial difficulties delayed its completion for at least six years, and then by Carter Whitcomb. A post office was opened in 1818 (the third among the several villages then emerging in Rockingham township). Then in 1820, the selectmen of Rockingham defined for the first time the limits of the village of Saxtons River. The limits were enlarged somewhat the following year.

Numerous and varied small industries were developed at the three water privileges during this period. In his Gazetteer of Vermont published in 1828, Zadock Thompson records the buildings then present in Saxtons River:

"The village contains an elegant meeting-house, a post office, two carding machines, one grist, two saw, and two fulling mills, one tannery, one forge, one furnace, one distillery, two woolen factories, one tavern, two stores, one law office, and forty-five dwelling houses. The grist mill in this village was built by Allbee and Russell, and is equal to any in the state."

Indeed the village had probably gained already the greatest diversity that its industrial enterprises would ever achieve. The number of houses, however, seems to have been somewhat inflated.

During the 1820s and 1830s, a small number of Federal style brick houses (#11, 36, 82, and 115) appeared in the village. For whatever reasons, these were the only brick houses ever constructed in Saxtons River. The Greek Revival style soon displaced the Federal, becoming the dominant nineteenth century influence on village architecture. Two extraordinary temple-front houses (#56 and 100) built probably in the 1840s exhibit two-story recessed porticoes, one (#100) being distinguished by octagonal columns. Three other houses (#67, 84, and 92) from the period share tetrastyle porticoes and similar connected outbuildings.

The union nature of the village meetinghouse was soon disrupted by doctrinal dissension. A schism occurred during the middle 1820s among the Baptists who were then dominant, and one faction became Congregationalists. The latter withdrew from the meetinghouse and in 1836 constructed their Greek Revival style church (#l) at the head of Main Street. Four years later, the remaining Baptists followed them to Main Street, erecting a somewhat more sophisticated Greek Revival church (#97) a short distance to the east. The Universalists discontinued their services in the meetinghouse about 1841.

A brick schoolhouse for primary education was constructed on Upper Main Street probably during the 1820s. In 1842, the private Saxtons River Seminary was organized to provide secondary education. The Seminary took over the original meetinghouse, which probably was then given its Greek Revival appearance symbolized by two Doric columns placed in antis at the recessed central entrance. The village's brick schoolhouse was dismantled in 1849 and a wood-framed replacement was constructed on its site.

Changes were also occurring in the industrial sector. By 1835, a soapstone mill had appeared at the Middle Falls along with a wool pullery and the earlier mills. There were then two hotels, three stores, and a tin shop along Main Street. The tinware business was operated successfully by George and Philip Perry from 1831 until 1847, when George Perry shifted his interest to wool. The second woolen mill at the Lower Falls burned that year, and Perry joined Theophilus Hoit and John A. Farnsworth (as George Perry and Co.) in the construction of a large new mill on the site. Destined to last nearly a century under several different ownerships, this mill soon became the village's most important industry.

A map of the village published by C. McClellan in 1856 shows that a simple skeleton of streets then existed. North of Main Street, there was only North (now Pleasant) Street. To the south, both South (now Westminster) and Mill (now Maple) Streets crossed the river, the latter at the woolen mill. The link from the woolen mill northeastward along the river to Main Street (now part of Maple Street) was then called Wool Street owing to the presence of both the main mill and related buildings and a wool pulling shop (destroyed by the 1869 flood). Only the western stub of then name-less River Street appears on the map. A counterpart by the name of Mechanics Row led westward from South Street along the river, serving the small industries at the Upper Falls. The map records about 55 houses, compared to the 45 claimed by Thompson in 1828.

In 1859, Abel K. Wilder purchased the hotel at the village center. The two-and-one-half story, wood-framed and clapboarded, gable-roofed building was distinguished by a two-story, three-bay portico with continuous columns below a semicircular-arched recessed balcony. The Saxtons River Hotel was widely known for having two recumbent lions painted at the corners of the balcony above its name and the year of Abel Wilder's acquisition. The Wilder family retained ownership of the hotel until its demolition in 1903.

The decade of the 1860s brought a new architectural fashion, the Italianate Revival, to Saxtons River, and contemporary mill owners applied it freely to their new buildings. John A. Farnsworth probably introduced the style for his new residence (#52) on Main Street, and then proceeded to erect on the adjoining lot the village's first (and only) brick commercial block in the same style. In 1866, John F. Alexander purchased Theophilus Hoit's interest in the woolen mill; within two years, Alexander provided the village with its most elaborate extant representative of Italianate Revival style, his new residence (#122) adjacent to the mill complex. A third imposing Italianate Revival house with wraparound veranda and rooftop belvedere was that owned by J. H. Foster in 1869 but later by Benjamin Scofield, partner in the woolen mill between 1868 and 1875. The latter house (demolished in 1960) was apparently moved from the village of Cambridgeport (about three miles to the west) and sited prominently on the low knoll above the intersection of Main and Westminster Streets. These four buildings established a new order of architectural sophistication in Saxtons River that has remained unsurpassed to the present.

F. W. Beers' detailed map of the village published in his 1869 Atlas of Windham County records that it had reached nearly its ultimate geographical limits with the exception of Oak Street. Various mills and shops were clustered around each of the three water privileges. The largest mill pond was at the Upper Falls, where a flume delivered water to the gristmill (#155) then owned by S. F. Perry and Co. The map shows that the number of houses had increased to about 70, and that River Street had been extended eastward to the rear of the Baptist Church. Several of the mills and shops shown on the map along with the dams and bridges were destroyed or damaged in October of the same year by the greatest flood of the nineteenth century. The woolen mill complex suffered extensive losses of both buildings and materials, and repairs took four months.

Although some industries would persist into the twentieth century, an educational institution emerged during the 1870s that would gradually supplant industry as the village's principal economic activity. Its earlier counterpart, the Saxtons River Seminary, had closed in 1866. Three years later, the Vermont Baptist Convention decided to establish a "first-class Literary and Scientific Institute," and a subscription of $100,000 was raised by 1873 to enable its construction on the terrace north of the village center (outside the historic district). Vermont Academy initiated classes in 1876, using temporarily S. F. Perry's rambling house (later demolished) next to the Baptist Church (#97). A campus of predominantly brick buildings was developed in subsequent years.

To provide direct access from Main Street to the campus, a new street was opened circa 1875 and named Academy Avenue. This street served an excellent area for residences, and was partly developed by the moving of two houses (#41 and 42) here from other sites. The village's public school was shifted during this period from the building on Upper Main Street (later adapted in part as the Glynn House, #10) to the former Seminary/meetinghouse on Westminster Street.

Noting that the village's population was then 800, the 1885 edition of the Sanborn Insurance Map of Saxtons River records the facilities of its contemporary industries. Among them, the woolen mill at the Lower Falls then owned by Farnsworth and Co. was by far the largest employer, having 80 "hands" (but no night watchman) engaged in the production of "fancy cassimeres." The mill was run by water power except during the dry season (late summer), when steam was substituted from wood-fired boilers; the dam spanned the river next to the west elevation of the three-and-one-half story principal block with monitor roof. Near the Middle Falls, the firm of Barry and Scofield operated the wool pulling shop (#127) built after the 1869 flood. Only four hands were employed At this shop, where coal stoves were used both for heating and drying the sheepskins. Next to the dam at the head of the Middle Falls, Ransom Farnsworth's water-powered sawmill (then under lease) performed "carriage jobbing, sawing, and planing" with four employees. A flume from the dam at the Upper Falls delivered water to drive L. C. Hubbard's feed mill (#155) with "two run of stones" next to J. C. Hubbard's sawmill (#154). Other notable village enterprises included Henry C. Wiley's tin shop (#94) on Main Street and the carriage manufactory (later demolished) behind the Baptist Church that William W. Cory would make well-known from 1892 into the first quarter of this century.

The close of the nineteenth century was marked by significant changes in Saxtons River. The Queen Anne style appeared during the 1880s to decorate many existing houses. The most fully developed expression (#9) was constructed in 1887 on Upper Main Street for Starks Edson, whose small paint factory (in the former tin shop, #94) would produce "Albamural" cold-water paint until about 1915. The village's second private educational institution was created in 1898 when New England Kurn Hattin Homes received as a bequest the S. W. Warner residence (outside the historic district) off Westminster Street.

The most pervasive changes, however, related to the onset of Saxtons River's railway epoch. The village was bypassed by the railroads constructed around 1850 through the junction at Bellows Falls village, five miles to the east. A charter for the Bellows Falls and Saxtons River Street Railway Co. was granted by the Vermont Legislature in 1892, the incorporators including both John Farnsworth and John Alexander of the woolen mill company and Dr. Edward Pettengill, who lived nearby (the Pettengill House, #114). Seven years passed before construction was undertaken in October, 1899 by the contractors, C. W. Blakeslee and Brother of New Haven, Conn.

To enter the village from the east on a suitable gradient required carrying the track across the river at the woolen mill. The existing covered bridge, however, was unsuitable for the railway. The solution involved building an eastward extension of Main Street across the river on a new bridge for vehicle traffic as well as a new bridge on the original site for the railway. Completed in 1899, the new steel road bridge appears in photographs to have been an extraordinary parabolic lenticular through truss bridge while the railway bridge was simply a double-girder structure with an open deck for the track; the latter was completed early in 1900. Trolley service between Saxtons River and Bellows Falls was inaugurated on June 29, 1900, and the first carload of freight (coal for the woolen mill) arrived in October. A blacksmith shop (#2), next to the Congregational Church at the end of the track, was converted into a trolley station.

The advent of the street railway caused both apprehension (about an imagined outward siphon effect) and optimism in Saxtons River. The latter clearly prevailed, as described by Wayne Thompson in an October, 1899 column of "Saxtons River Locals" in the Bellows Falls Times. "Never were there more stores or a larger or finer assortment of mercantile goods than at present. The last three years ... has (sic) witnessed great improvements in all of our six stores." And the merchants were not without grounds for their optimism: (Thompson in November, 1899) "It has been a long time since Saxtons River has had such a boom in real estate as at present." The new century brought new spirit to the village aboard a trolley car.

The street leading from Main Street to the woolen mill had been prosaically called Mill or Factory Street until the railway track was laid along it. Thompson again in May, 1900: "When work on Factory Street is completed it will be the handsomest street in the village. Several of the lawns and front yards have been greatly beautified." A week later, Thompson acknowledged that he had missed a symbolic part of the transformation: "Factory Street is not Factory Street at all but Maple Avenue."

Academy Avenue also was being transformed by a flurry of building construction. William H. Dean, Sr. was the builder responsible for most of the activity; between the late 1890s and circa 1910, he constructed at least four houses (#38, 39, 44, and 45) along the street. While Dean applied a Queen Anne manner to the first of the series (#45), the other three share marked similarity in the newer architectural fashion of the Colonial Revival. Indeed Dean may have been responsible for more of the Colonial Revival buildings and porches that are scattered about the village and constitute its last major stylistic group.

It is known that Dean participated in a major project at the Main Street end of Academy Avenue. Already in August, 1900, columnist Thompson had "noticed in the streets and at the hotel a great increase of strangers and transients over previous summer seasons" that he credited to the "electric road." A syndicate of local investors (including John F. Alexander) also must have noticed, for in 1903 they purchased the old hotel to clear the site for a larger modern counterpart. The new Saxtons River Inn (#37) presented a rather outmoded design apart from a cosmetically Queen Anne, five-story corner tower that soars above a two-story gallery porch. Given the long list of short-term owners who followed, it seems that the number of transients did not increase to the level of the investors' anticipation.

Saxtons River achieved a political milestone on November 29, 1905 when the village became legally incorporated. Among the initial actions taken by the Village government was the installation of electric streetlights. As indicated by the early l900s building activity, the population continued to increase slowly, reaching about 950 by 1907. This reflected both the expansion of Vermont Academy and the emergence of the village as a bedroom community for the then-thriving industrial center of Bellows Falls. The street railway issued monthly commuter tickets for the price of $5.00 to encourage the latter trend. (See the National Register nomination for the Bellows Falls Downtown Historic District, entered in the National Register on August 16, 1982.) The village's own industry was beginning to decline; the woolen mill, for example, was transferred in 1897 to New York interests who employed about 50 persons at the turn of the century.

The increasing general population meant a corresponding increase in the school-age population. The former meetinghouse then being used as the village school became a century old in 1910 and was probably approaching the nadir of adequacy. In comparison, the Saxtons River Public School (#31) erected in 1915 must have seemed a veritable palace of education in its somewhat Romanesque brick stature. The pavilioned School Street facade, nevertheless, presents a reminder of its honorable predecessor in the form of two brick pillars placed in antis at the recessed central entrance.

An automobile had made the first round trip between Saxtons River and Bellows Falls in 1900, the same year as the first trolley car. By the early 1920s, automobiles were diverting much of the trolley patronage and the road between the two villages was being paved. The railway's carbarn containing most of the equipment was destroyed by fire in January, 1924, and the company entered receivership in November of the same year. Service was abandoned before the end of 1924, and Saxtons River's railway epoch was thus concluded after a little less than a quarter-century.

The woolen mill was also nearing the end of its existence, falling into receivership the same year as the street railway. In 1928, it was briefly revived at capacity production with 60 employees only to encounter the economic collapse of 1929. Another brief revival followed in 1934, when it was used to make upholstery for Ford automobiles. Another bankruptcy led to the removal of the machinery, and the buildings were finally destroyed by fire in 1939, leaving only the foundations (#120). (The adjacent street railway bridge was dismantled two years earlier).

The sawmill at the Middle Falls lasted two decades longer. In 1913, C. O. Stone adapted it to the production of wood novelties, and it continued in operation under Frey family ownership until being consumed by fire in 1959. Although not used industrially for decades, the nearby wool pulling shop (#127) survives. The Middle Falls dam was washed away during the 1938 hurricane, and its Upper Falls counterpart followed in 1945. Operation of the gristmill (#155) adjacent to the latter damsite ceased the same year. Alone among the village's nineteenth-century industries, the Upper Falls sawmill (#154) has continued in service to the present (1986), owned by the Thompson family from 1892 to 1945 and subsequently by the Tenney family.

Other nineteenth-century architectural landmarks disappeared during the third quarter of this century. The Westminster Street covered bridge was razed in 1949 and the Main Street lenticular truss bridge in 1954, both replaced by insignificant open-deck structures. The exemplary Italianate Revival style Scofield House was demolished in 1960 and replaced by a ranch type house. After decades of decay and ultimate misuse for lumber storage, the Old South Meetinghouse was reacquired by the Town of Rockingham for demolition in 1974. (Originally hung in 1822, its Revere bell, No. 365, had been removed in 1967.)

Contrasting to the fate of the meetinghouse, an outstanding case of historic preservation occurred the same year on Main Street. The Saxtons River Inn (#37) also had been allowed to deteriorate for several years, reaching the point that the gallery porch along its east elevation collapsed about 1970. In 1974, the Campbell family purchased the inn and undertook rehabilitation for its original use. A decade later in 1985, a similar project revived the brick commercial block (#51) across Academy Avenue as the village's only market. These projects have infused new vitality into the village center while preserving the historic character of two dominant buildings.

The historic environment of Main Street has been somewhat altered by modern intrusions. Following the 1959 fire at the Middle Falls sawmill, an automobile service station (#130) was rebuilt at the Westminster Street intersection, joined in 1960 by an undistinguished post office (#23) across the street and, in 1978, by an extensively reworked storefront building (#24). Farther east, another one-story building (#93, a restaurant) displaced in 1968 a nineteenth-century house. A 1952 commercial building (#87) at the corner of Oak Street is now (1986) being reworked to improve its compatibility. On balance, these modern buildings are subservient to the surrounding historic buildings and the prevailing nineteenth-century character of the street. The residential streets of the historic district remain nearly unmarked by intrusions.

Saxtons River differs in one respect from many Vermont villages. Aside from the small island at the head of Main Street, it lacks a green or common typical of village centers in the state. (The island was originally larger and occupied by a bandstand during the nineteenth century.) Generally, however, Saxtons River shares the cohesive blend of residential, commcrcial, industrial, and related elements that constitute the nineteenth-century rural Vermont village. Furthermore, Saxtons River retains a higher degree of historic integrity than many counterpart villages that have been subjected to greater development pressure during the current period of rapid change in the state.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES

1. Blackmer, Walter R. "Historical Address." Centennial 1825-1925, Congregational Church, Saxtons River, Vermont. Saxtons River, Vt., 1925.

2. Buxton, Ruth M, Chronology of Events, Saxtons River, Vermont Bicentennial 1783-1983. Saxtons River, Vt.: Saxtons River Historical Society, 1983.

3. _____. Days of Old: The History of the Wileys and Other Early Settlers of Saxtons River, Vermont, 1783-c. 1850. Bellows Falls, Vt.: A. G. Press, 1980.

4. ______. Historical notes regarding industries in Saxtons River, Vt. June, 1976. Mimeographed typescript available at Saxtons River Historical Society, Saxtons River, Vt.

5. Child, Hamilton. Gazetteer and Business Directory of Windham County, Vt., 1724-1884. Syracuse, N. Y., 1884.

6. Gobie, P. H. Bellows Falls and Vicinity Illustrated. Bellows Falls, Vt.: P. H. Gobie Press, 1908.

7. Hayes, Lyman Simpson. History of the Town of Rockingham, Vermont. Bellows Falls, Vt.: Town of Rocklngham, 1907.

8. Heinritz, Stuart F., ed. "The Life of a Vermont Farmer and Lumberman: The Diaries of Henry A. Thompson of Grafton and Saxtons River." Vermont History, 42 (Spring, 1974), 89-139.

9. Hemenway, Abby Maria, ed. Vermont Historical Gazetteer (Vol. 5). Brandon, Vt.: Mrs. Carrie C. H. Page, 1891.

10. Herold, Elizabeth. "Buildings on Main St." Deed research and photographs compiled in Summer, 1975. Available at Saxtons River Historical Society, Saxtons River, Vt.

11. Lovell, Frances Stockwell, and Leverett C. Lovell. History of the Town of Rockingham, Vermont ... 1907-1957. Bellows Falls, Vt.: Town of Rockingham, 1958.

12. Rockingham Bicentennial Committee. A Pictorial History of the Town of Rockingham. Bellows Falls, Vt., 1975.

13. Thompson, Wayne W. "Saxtons River Locals." Bellows Falls Times. Various issues between September 29, 1899 and November 29, 1900.

14. Walbridge, J. H. Souvenir Edition of the Bellows Falls Times Devoted to Town of Rockingham. Bellows Falls, Vt.: W. C. Belknap and Co., 1899.

15. Photographs and post cards of Saxtons River village in the collection of Saxtons River Historical Society, Saxtons River, Vt.

16. Ruth M. Buxton, Bellows Falls, Vt. Personal interviews by Hugh H. Henry during July and August, 1986.

Cartobibliography

1. Beers, F. W. Atlas of Windham County, Vermont. New York. 1869.

2. Chace, J., Jr. McClellan's Map of Windham County, Vermont. Philadelphia: C. McClellan and Co., 1856.

3. Insurance Map of Saxton's River, Vt. New York: Sanborn Map and Publishing Co., Ltd., June, 1885. Scale: 1 inch = 50 feet.

4. Insurance Map of Saxton's River, Vt. New York: Sanborn-Perris Map Ltd., August 1894. Scale: 1 inch = 50 feet.

5. Insurance Map of Saxtons River, Vt. New York: Sanborn Map Co., September, 1904. Scale: 1 inch - 50 feet.

6. Insurance Map of Saxtons River, Vt. New York: Sanborn Map Co., February, 1928. Scale: 1 inch = 50 feet.

7. Insurance Map of Saxtons River, Vt. New York: Sanborn Map Co., February, 1928 (Corrected to March, 1944). Scale: 1 inch = 50 feet.

FORM PREPARED BY: Hugh H. Henry, Historic Preservation Consultant, Green Mountain Turnpike, Chester, VT 05143. Tel: 802-875-3379. Date: August 1986.

DATE ENTERED: September 29, 1988.
(Source 127)